摘要
目的了解2014—2015学年上海市中小学生因病缺课的流行特征和原因,为制定切实有效的学生健康干预措施提供科学依据。方法收集2014—2015学年上海市中小学生因病缺课系统监测数据,采用统计描述和行列表χ2检验方法,描述2014—2015学年上海市中小学生因病缺课流行特征,并比较不同性别、不同学段学生因病缺课原因构成差异。结果 2014—2015学年上海市中小学生总因病缺课率为0.31%,首次缺课422 469人次。冬季学生因病缺课率较高。首次缺课个案中,男生比例高于女生,小学生比例高于初中、高中学生。因症状缺课是首次缺课的主要原因,占90.76%,多为发热和呼吸系统症状;因传染病、伤害、其他疾病缺课分别占首次缺课病例的2.70%、1.54%和5.00%。不同性别、不同学段的学生因病缺课原因构成有显著差异。结论上海市学校因病缺课系统在学校卫生管理工作中发挥了重要作用,应继续挖掘监测数据,及时了解学生因病缺课动态,完善症状监测及传染病预警体系。
Objective To realize the prevalence and main reasons of illness-induced absenteeism among elementary and middle school students in Shanghai during 2014-2015 academic year, so as to provide evidence for effective ntervention measures. Methods Illness-induced absenteeism information was collected through surveillance system. Statistical description methods were used for describing the prevalence characteristics of absenteeism, and Chi-square tests was used for comparing gender and age differences of absenteeism rate. Results The illness-induced absenteeism rate during 2014-2015 academic year was 0. 3 1%. A total of 422 469 person-time were absent from school. The absenteeism ate was highest in winter, and boys and elementary students were more likely to be absent from schools. Most absenteeism were because of symptoms （90. 76% ） , and fever and respiratory symptom were the main symptoms. And 2. 70% , 1. 54% and 5. 00% were because of infectious diseases, injuries and other diseases. Reasons for absenteeism were significantly different between gender and school stages. Conclusion The illness-induced absenteeism surveillance system plays an mportant role in school health management. It is meaningful to exploit the absenteeism information, to observe the absenteeism trends, and to complete warning system of infectious diseases.
出处
《教育生物学杂志》
2016年第3期140-143,共4页
Journal of Bio-education
关键词
学生
因病缺课
监测
students
illness-induced absenteeism
surveillance
