摘要
目的初步了解北京市小学4—6年级流动儿童膳食营养行为的现状，分析影响相关行为形成的多方面因素，为进一步完善针对北京市流动儿童膳食营养行为的健康教育及学校、家庭社会环境等的健康促进工作提供依据与指导。方法在查阅大量文献的基础上编制自填式问卷；通过分层整群抽样的方法，选取6所以流动儿童为主要生源的小学，抽取四、五、六年级户籍为流动人口的学生共516名，由项目组工作人员现场指导学生进行自填式问卷调查。结果共回收514份有效调查问卷，其中公立小学的流动儿童59．92％、打工子弟小学40．08％，流动儿童的平均年龄为（11．48±1．125）岁，其中男生53．31％，女生46．69％。调查结果显示流动儿童正确的膳食营养行为形成率较低，行为得分较差（均数为75．02分，标准差为13．77，中位数为75．67）；统计分析结果显示流动儿童膳食营养行为受性别（P=0．030）、学校类型（P〈0．001）和家庭经济情况（P=0．006）影响显著。结论北京市小学高年级流动儿童的膳食营养行为受其性别、学校类型和家庭经济情况影响显著，提高学校、家长，特别是打工子弟小学及经济情况较差家庭的家长对膳食营养知识的掌握，是提高流动儿童营养状况的重要措施。
Objective To preliminarily investigate the current status of dietary nutritional behavior in migrant children from Grades 4-6 in primary schools in Beijing, to analyze the multi-factors influencing the related behavior so as to provide evidence and guidance for further perfecting the targeted health education on dietary nutritional behavior and health promotion through schools, families and social environment. Methods A self-administered questionnaire was designed based on a large number of references. The stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 514 migrant children from Grades 4, 5 and 6 in 6 primary schools. A questionnaire survey was conducted under the the on-site guidance of the staff of the project. Results： A total of 514 effective questionnaires were retrieved, of which 59.92% were collected from migrant children of public schools and 40.08% from floating children schools. The average age of the migrant children was （11.48± 1.125） years. 53.31% were boys and 46.69% girls. The formation rate of correct dietary nutritional behavior in the migrant children was low, and the score of the behavior was poor （the mean, the standard deviation and the median were 75.02, 13.77 and 75.67 respectively）. Statistical analysis revealed that dietary nutritional behavior of the migrant children was significantly influenced by sex （P = 0.030） , types of schools （P = 0. 001 ） and economic condition of the family （P = 0.006）. Conclusions Sex, types of schools and economic condition of the family are the factors influencing dietary nutritional behavior of the migrant children; and hence, improving dietary nutritional knowledge in schools and among parents, especially in floating children schools and among parents with poor economic condition is an important measure for promoting the nutritional status of the migrant children.
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2016年第10期1159-1163,共5页
Practical Preventive Medicine
基金
国家社科基金(11CGL080)
关键词
流动儿童
膳食营养
影响因素
Migrant children
Dietary nutritional behavior
Influencing factor
