摘要
本文探讨了上司的人际公平怎样影响员工工作满意度和人际层面组织公民行为,以及这种影响何时更强或更弱。通过对237名在职人员调查,结果发现:(1)员工的上司信任在人际公平与工作满意度、人际层面组织公民行为之间具有部分和完全中介作用;(2)上司权力对人际公平效应具有调节作用:当上司权力较高时,人际公平显著影响员工对他的信任,进而影响工作满意度和人际层面组织公民行为;而当其权力较低时,人际公平的影响不明显。
A great deal of previous research has showed that interpersonal justice demonstrated by supervisors generally has positive effects on employees’ job satisfaction and citizenship behaviors that are directed at individuals（OCBI）. To figure out how and when these effects happen, the current study examines the relationship between employees’ perceptions of interpersonal justice and job consequences by focusing on the mediating role of employees’ trust in supervisor as well as the moderating role of supervisor’s power. As social exchange theory postulates, employees build a social exchange relationship with their leaders. This type of relationship requires the exchange parties to trust and affiliate with each other. Employees’ trust can be motivated by interpersonal fairness demonstrated by their supervisors. We hypothesize that employees’ trust in their supervisors mediates the relationship between interpersonal justice and job satisfaction and OCBI. Moreover, according to fairness theory, a supervisor’s power is associated with accountability for the（un）fairness. High supervisory power means disproportionately possessing more resources, which enables a supervisor to treat others differently. This implies high-power supervisors are more accountable for their own interpersonal justice, while low-power supervisors are less likely to be responsible for the interpersonal justice because they may not be considered as actually controlling but instead as just following orders from higher bosses. Trust as a result of interpersonal justice is expected only when a supervisor has high power. Therefore, we predict a moderated mediation model in which for high-power supervisors, interpersonal justice has indirectly（via employees’ trust in supervisor） impact on followers’ job satisfaction and OCBI, but for low-power supervisors, these effects do not exist.In this study, measurements of employees’ perception of interpersonal justice, trust in supervisor, supervisor’s power, job satisfaction and OCBI were obtained by means of a survey. 237 working adults（109 males, 128 females） from various fields who have a stable supervisor filled out the questionnaire. The average age was 31.09 years（SD = 6.91）, and the average time spent on co-working with their own supervisor was 2.78 years（SD = 1.86）. Using the hierarchical linear regression analysis, we examined an integrative model that combined employees’ perception of interpersonal justice, trust in supervisor, supervisor’s power, job satisfaction and OCBI. The results show that（1） Employees’ trust in their supervisors partially mediates the relationship between their perception of interpersonal justice and job satisfaction, and completely mediates the linkage between interpersonal justice and OCBI. Moreover,（2） Supervisor’s power moderates the mediating effects, specifically, supervisor-focused interpersonal justice has more impact on followers when supervisors have high（vs. low） power over their followers. The study seeks to extend the literature integrating interpersonal justice and power in a number of ways. First, few prior work has concerned with the joint effects of supervisor-focused interpersonal justice and supervisory power. This study demonstrates how supervisory power moderates the interpersonal justice effects. Based on the fairness theory, we suggest that employees’ trust for a supervisor is a function of how much they think the supervisor should take responsibility for the interpersonal fairness. Specifically, high-power（vs. low-power） leaders are more accountable for their own justice effects. Second, we develop a moderated mediation model to demonstrate how the interaction between interpersonal justice and supervisory power exerts influence on employees’ job satisfaction and OCBI. It is through the mediating role of trust in their supervisor.
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第3期679-685,共7页
Journal of Psychological Science
基金
新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-10-0382)
国家自然科学青年基金(71202153)的资助
关键词
人际公平
上司权力
上司信任
工作满意度
组织公民行为
interpersonal justice
supervisory power
trust in supervisor
job satisfaction
organizational citizenship behavior
