摘要
【目的】研究烤烟栽培过程中施氮量与打顶时间协同作用对烤烟产量和质量的影响,为优化烤烟栽培措施提供参考依据。【方法】以烤烟品种翠碧1号为材料,通过田间试验,设6个不同施氮肥水平和打顶时间处理,对烤烟农艺性状、生物量积累、产量、内在化学成分及感官评吸质量进行分析。【结果】随着施氮量的增加,烟株株高、茎围、节距、叶面积、中下部叶平均单叶重及烟株不同部位生物量均明显增加;推迟打顶可增加株高、茎围和叶面积,降低中下部叶平均单叶重;其中以高施氮（120.0 kg/ha）现蕾打顶处理烟株产量最高（2116.05 kg/ha）,而中等施氮量（97.5 kg/ha）现蕾打顶处理产值最高（48481.95元/ha）;施氮量增加可促进烤后烟叶烟碱含量增加,推迟打顶则可降低烟叶烟碱含量;随着施氮量的增加和打顶时间的推迟,烟叶感官评吸质量下降。【结论】在福建烤烟产区,翠碧1号烤烟品种在75.0-97.5 kg/ha的施氮量下进行现蕾打顶,有利于保障烟叶产量及提高质量。
【Objective】The synergistic effects of nitrogen application rate and topping time on yield and quality of tobacco were studied, in order to provide the reference basis for optimizing cultivation technique of tobacco. 【Method】Using flue-cured tobacco variety Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Cuibi 1 as materials, the field experiment were conducted to study effects of different nitrogen application rates（75.0, 97.5, 120.0 kg/ha） and topping times（alabastrum and full-bloom stages）on agronomic characters, biomass, yield, chemical component and sensory quality evaluation of flue-cured tobacco. 【Result】The results showed that, the plant height, stem girth, internodes space, leaf area, single middle-lower leaf weight and biomass of different parts were increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. Furthermore, with the delay of topping time, the plant height, stem girth and leaf area were increased, but single middle-lower leaf weight was decreased. And the nitrogen application rate of 120.0 kg/ha and topping at alabastrum stage could increase yield of tobacco to be the highest（2116.05 kg/ha）, but the nitrogen application rate of 97.5 kg/ha and and topping at alabastrum stage could increase economic output of flue-cured tobacco to be the highest（48481.95 yuan/ha）. Moreover, the nicotine content of flue-cured tobacco was increased with increase of nitrogen application rate, but decreased with the delay of topping time.And the sensory quality evaluation results showed that, sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco was declined with increase of nitrogen application rate and delay of topping time. 【Conclusion】Based on the above-mentioned results, it can be inferred that nitrogen application rate of 75.0-97.5 kg/ha and topping at alabastrum stage can improve yield of N. tabacum L. cv.Cuibi 1, and are conducive to guarantee tobacco yield and improve quality of flued-cured tobacco in tobacco producing area of Fujian province.
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第2期206-211,共6页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
国家烟草专卖局特色优质烟叶开发重大专项项目(Ts-03-20110024)
福建省烟草专卖局科技项目(闽烟合同[2010]042号
闽烟合同[2012]058号)
关键词
烤烟
施氮量
打顶时间
产量
品质
flue-cured tobacco
nitrogen application rate
topping time
yield
quality
