摘要
目的了解湖南省60岁及以上人群的健康素养水平，并对影响健康素养的相关因素进行初步探讨。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法对湖南省13个县的611名老年人进行问卷调查。结果湖南省60岁及以上老年人健康素养得分中位数为51．00分，与60岁以下人群56．00分比较得分较低。单因素分析结果显示，文化程度的高低、职业、家庭常住人口数、家庭年收入对老年人的健康素养得分有影响（H=59．526、20．609、17．214、50．749，P=0．000、0．002、0．001、0．000）；老年人中具备基本健康素养的人数占总人数的10．6％（65名）。多因素Logistics回归分析结果显示，仅患有慢性病对是否具备基本健康素养有影响，与不患有慢性病的老年人比较，患有慢性病的老年人中具备基本健康素养的比例较高（OR=1．870，95％CI：1．037～3．373）。结论湖南省60岁及以上老年人健康素养水平较60岁以下年龄组人群低，老年人具备基本健康素养比例低；文化程度的高低、职业、家庭常住人口数、家庭年收入是影响老年人健康素养的相关因素；需要针对健康生活方式和行为以及慢性病的防治等方面的知识对老年人进行健康教育进而提高老年人的健康素养水平。
Objective To understand health literacy levels in elderly people aged 60 years and above in Hunan, and explore factors related to health literacy. Methods Hunan residents aged 60 years and above were randomly recruited by the multistage stratified cluster sampling method. A total of 611 elderly people from 13 counties of Hunan were included in the study, which was conducted through questionnaires. Results The median health literacy score for elderly people aged 60 years and above was 51.00 （4-90）, and it was lower than that for people under 60 years old, which was 56.00. Single factor analysis found that education level, occupation, number of family members, and household income each had an influence on health literacy scores （H=59. 526, 20. 609, 17. 214, and 50. 749, respectively; P=0. 000, 0. 002, 0. 001 and 0. 000, respectively）. The number of people with basic health literacy accounted for 10.6 % （65/611） of the total. Multiple logistic regression analysis found that chronic disease was a factor affecting basic health literacy. Compared with elderly people without chronic diseases, a higher percentage of people with basic health literacy was among elderly people with chronic diseases （ OR = 1. 870, 95 % CI： 1. 037-3. 373） . Conclusions The health literacy level is lower in elderly people aged 60 years and above than those under 60 years old in Hunan. Only 10.6% （65/611） of them show basic health literacy. Education level, occupation, number of family members, and household income are the factors related to health literacy. Health education about healthy lifestyle and behavior as well as chronic disease prevention and control should be increased in order to improve the health literacy level in elderly people.
出处
《中华老年医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第1期91-96,共6页
Chinese Journal of Geriatrics
关键词
健康态度
因素分析
统计学
Attitude to healths Factor analysis, statistical
