摘要
采用桑椹菌核病发病区田间自然感病及相对抗病程度评价的方法，调查21个果桑品种资源对桑椹肥大性菌核病的田间抗病能力。21个果桑品种资源基于相对抗病指数的田间抗病程度存在较大差异：有1个品种（台湾长果桑）对桑椹肥大性菌核病表现出免疫性，相对抗病指数为1．00；有8个品种表现出抗病性，其中红果1号、12．1的相对抗病指数均为0．94；有7个品种属于易感病品种，相对抗病指数〈0．16；有5个品种为中感品种，相对抗病指数在0．24-0．35之间。另在调查中发现，桑椹肥大性菌核病发病率与气象条件密不可分：桑树开花期及开花期前1个月的多湿条件会导致发病率上升，环境气温也会影响到果桑的开花期，特别是中感、易感病的早生果桑品种花期延长，会使发病率明显上升。初步鉴定筛选出的对桑椹肥大性菌核病的田间抗病能力强的果桑品种，可在桑椹肥大性菌核病高发地区种植，亦可作为抗病果桑品种的育种材料。
By investigating the natural infection and evaluating the relative disease resistance in the endemic areas of mulberry fruit sclerotiniosi, the field resistance of 21 fruit mulberry germplasm resources against mulberry fruit hypertrophic sclerote dis- ease was surveyed. According to the relative disease resistance index, there were significant differences between 21 fruit mul- berry germplasm resources. The mulberry variety Taiwan Changguosang showed complete immunity to mulberry fruit hyper- trophic sclerote disease, with a relative disease resistance index 1.00. Eight mulberry varieties showed high resistance to mul- berry fruit hypertrophic sclerote disease, among them the relative disease resistance index of both Hongguo 1 and 12-1 was 0. 94. Seven mulberry varieties were susceptible to mulberry fruit hypertrophic sclerote disease, and the relative resistance index of them was below 0. 16. Five mulberry varieties were moderately susceptible to mulberry fruit hypertrophic sclerote dis- ease, having a relative resistance index of 0. 24 to 0. 35. In addition, the incidence rate of mulberry fruit hypertrophic sclerote disease was closely correlated with meteorological conditions. Under the condition of high humidity at the flowering stage and one month before flowering stage, the occurrence of disease was increased. Moreover, environmental temperature affected flowering period of fruit mulberry, especially the flowering period extended for early budding mulberry varieties of moderately susceptible and susceptible, and the incidence rate increased significantly. The primarily identified and screened fruit mulberry varieties with high field resistance to mulberry fruit hypertrophic sclerote disease can be grown in the high incidence areas of mulberry fruit hypertrophic sclerote disease, and can be used as breeding material of fruit mulberry varieties for disease resistance.
出处
《蚕业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期1011-1016,共6页
ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA
基金
重庆市科技计划项目(No.cstc2013yykfa80016)
重庆市万州区科技计划项目(No.201301013)
关键词
果用桑树
桑椹肥大性菌核病
自然感病
抗病指数
品种差异
Fruit mulberry
Mulberry fruit hypertrophic sclerote disease
Natural infection
Disease resistance index
Variety difference
