摘要
为了探讨黑褐举腹蚁与橡副珠蜡蚧共生优势种黑头酸臭蚁的分布及其竞争关系，本研究采用目光搜寻法调查了橡胶林内黑褐举腹蚁和黑头酸臭蚁的空间分布型及黑褐举腹蚁对黑头酸臭蚁种群数量的影响，并分析了2种蚂蚁在室内人为干扰下的竞争关系。结果表明：2种蚂蚁在橡胶树上均呈聚集分布，并且在有黑褐举腹蚁及其蚁巢区黑头酸臭蚁的种群数量显著低于无黑褐举腹蚁区，可见黑褐举腹蚁对黑头酸臭蚁种群有一定的控制作用；室内1头黑褐举腹蚁与不同密度下黑头酸臭蚁攻击的各处理组合中，无死亡黑褐举腹蚁出现，2种蚂蚁配比在1：9以下时，黑头酸臭蚁常遭到黑褐举腹蚁的迅猛攻击且死亡率均超过50％；2种蚂蚁配比在1：9以上时，黑褐举腹蚁攻击行为由主动攻击变为被动防御，此时黑头酸臭蚁死亡率降至26．67％～9．78％；由此可知，1头黑褐举腹蚁最多可与9头黑头酸臭蚁对抗。
In order to explore the distribution and competitive relation of Crematogaster rogen- hoferi and the symbiotic dominant species, Tapinoma melanocephalum in Parasaissetia nigra, the spatial distribution patters of C. rogenhoferi and T. melanocephalum populations on rubber trees and the influence of C. rogenhoferi on population quantity of T. melanocephalum were investigated by searching methods in rubber forest and the competitive relation of the two kinds of ants under indoor interference was analyzed in this study. The results showed that the spatial distribution pat- terns of the two kinds of ants on rubber trees were aggregating distribution. Furthermore, the quantity of T. melanocephalum in C. rogenhoferi nest colonies was significantly lower than that without C. rogenhoferi, which indicates that C. rogenhoferi has certain control effect on T. mel- anocephalum. When combined one C. rogenhoferi with different densities of T. melartocephalum indoors, C. rogenhoferi showed a phenomenon of no mortality. When the ratio was under 1：9, T. melanocephalum was rapidly attacked by C. rogenhoferi and its mortality was more than 50%. When the ratio was over 1 ： 9, the behavior of C. rogenhoferi turned into passive defense from ac- tive attack with the mortality of T. melanocephalum declining to 26.67%-9.78%. In conclusion, one C. rogenhoferi can fight against nine T. melanocephalum at most.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第12期3424-3429,共6页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家天然橡胶产业技术体系病虫害防控专家岗位项目(CARS-34-GW8)
国家自然科学基金项目(31560530)
海南大学中西部高校提升工作项目(02M4097005002)资助
关键词
黑褐举腹蚁
黑头酸臭蚁
橡副珠蜡蚧
空间分布型
竞争关系
Crematogaster rogenhoferi
Tapinoma melanocephalum
Parasaissetia nigra
spatial distribution pattern
competitive relation.
