摘要
本文将国家创新体系分为技术、产业、市场与制度四个子系统,梳理了德国从18世纪至今的科技与产业创新政策,分析政府与市场作用及宏观制度影响,呈现德国创新驱动的现象、原因、机制与问题。德国创新驱动,经历了高校引领、机构集中、企业主导、社会参与的历程,体现了政府以市场为核心,提供资本、培育环境与建构结构的职能。然而,其福利国家的社会市场经济制度虽利于工业渐进创新,却阻碍了科技激进创新。政策调整与制度改革方向,取决于对优势产业与创新格局的抉择。这些对中国创新驱动形成重要启示。
Innovation is critical to sustainable economic growth. Germany has experienced a unique path from being a tech follower to a global leader in industrial innovation. The article studies the NIS in Germany, through the technique, industries, market and institution sub systems. It combs the technical and industrial innovation policies, analyzes the function of state and market, and figures the impact of socioeconomic institution, so that the reasons, mechanism and problems of NIS in Germany are discovered. The NIS in Germany, based on the so cialist market system, and under the guidance of government, has ever been universities initiated, institutes centered, enterprise led, and multi participated, reflecting the roles of state as capitals providers, incu bators and game ruler. However, the socialist economic system benefits industrial incremental innovation but discourages high tech radical innovation. The institution choice will influence the industrial strength and inno vation pattern in Germany. All these bring strong implications to the NIS development in China.
出处
《中国行政管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第11期145-150,共6页
Chinese Public Administration
基金
教育部人文社科一般项目“风险规制体制的国际比较”(编号:13YJA810009)
珠海市哲学社科“十二五”规划项目“激活珠海文化创造活力的研究”(编号:2014122)
关键词
创新驱动
创新体系
政府与市场
innovation - driven - growth, national innovation system, state and market
