摘要
目的：探讨居家护理干预对脑血管病留置胃管鼻饲患者不良事件发生率及照顾者能力的影响。方法对2011年9月—2012年8月出院的63例鼻饲患者（对照组）与2012年9月—2013年8月出院的68例鼻饲患者（干预组）的资料进行回顾性分析,内容包括两组患者的一般资料及脱管、反流、误吸、堵管、鼻黏膜机械性损伤发生率以及鼻饲并发症（便秘、腹泻、胃潴留、营养不良）的差异,同时根据知识知晓率、遵医行为和处理问题的能力比较两组照顾者在掌握相关知识的程度及能力方面的差别。结果干预组脱管、反流、误吸、堵管、鼻黏膜机械性损伤、便秘、腹泻、胃潴留及营养不良的发生率分别为7.4%,0.0%,0.0%,2.9%,2.9%,23.5%,41.2%,14.7%,14.7%,均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（χ^2值分别为11.37,30.11,30.11,13.91,12.61,16.82,9.41,11.58,8.25；P〈0.05）。干预组照顾者的知识知晓率、遵医行为率及具有处理问题能力比率分别为91.2%,88.2%,85.3%,优于对照组的52.4%,41.3%,55.6%,差异有统计学意义（χ^2值分别为24.70,31.99,14.04；P〈0.01）。结论居家护理干预能提高患者治疗依从性和家属的照顾能力,减少和避免不良事件的发生,从而提高患者的生活质量。
Objective To explore the influence of home nursing intervention on the adverse events and the ability of caregivers in cerebrovascular disease nasal patients with indwelling gastric tube. Methods Totals of 63 cases with nasal feeding discharge from September 2011 to August 2012 from our department were selected as the control group and 68 cases with nasal feeding discharge from September 2012 to August 2013 from our department were selected as the intervention group. The general information of patients in two groups, the incidence of nasal mucosa mechanical injury and the complications of indwelling gastric tube were retrospectively analyzed. The relevant knowledge and ability of caregivers were compared. Results The incidences of gastric tube out, reflux and aspiration, blocking tube, the nasal mucosa mechanical injury, the complications of constipation, diarrhea, gastric retention, malnutrition in the intervention group were 7. 4%, 0. 0%, 0. 0%, 2. 9%, 2. 9%, 23. 5%, 41. 2%, 14. 7% and 14. 7%, respectively. Those incidences in the control group were 30. 1%, 36. 5%, 36. 5%, 25. 3%, 23. 8%, 58. 7%, 71. 4%, 41. 3% and 36. 5%, respectively. The incidences of adverse events of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group （χ^2 =11. 37, 30. 11, 30. 11, 13. 91, 12. 61, 16. 82, 9. 41, 11. 58, 8. 25, respectively;P 〈0. 05）. The extent of gaining the relevant knowledge and the ability of caregivers in the intervention group were 91. 2%, 88. 2% and 85. 3%, respectively. Those incidences in the control group were 52. 4%, 41. 3% and 55. 6%, respectively. The incidences of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group （χ^2 =24. 70, 31. 99, 14. 04, respectively;P 〈0. 01）. Conclusions The home nursing intervention can improve the treatment compliance of patients and the ability of family caregivers. It can also avoid and reduce the occurrence of adverse events, therefore it can enhance the quality of life of the patients.
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2015年第17期1989-1992,共4页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
基金
南京市医学科技发展项目（课题）（QYK10139）
关键词
卒中
插管法
胃肠
不良事件
居家护理
Stroke
Intubation,gastrointestinal
Adverse events
Home nursing
