摘要
目的:探讨贫血的实验室指标在贫血患者诊断治疗中的重要性。方法:统计4 330例贫血患者中男、女患者比例,贫血类型,并进行血清铁蛋白、叶酸、维生素B12检测值分析。结果:4 330例贫血患者中,男性2 254例,女性2 076例。男性患者中,小细胞低色素性贫血208例,大细胞性贫血194例;女性患者中,小细胞低色素性贫血302例,大细胞性贫血77例。贫血患者血清学检查显示,大细胞性贫血中,维生素B12减低百分比较低,男性:女性接近1:3;叶酸减低较多见,男:女接近1.2:1。小细胞性贫血中,男性:女性接近2:3;血清铁蛋白合并叶酸、或和维生素B12减低,占小细胞低色素性贫血的5%。大细胞性贫血+小细胞低色素性贫血患者781例中,统计以肿瘤血液科、感染科、儿科、产科、消化风免科、妇科患者较多见,分别各占19.2%、11.78%、10.50%、9.73%、8.71%、7.94%;小细胞低色素性贫血中,女性较男性多见,女:男≈3:2;大细胞性贫血中,男性较女性多见,男:女≈2.5:1。结论:血清铁蛋白减低,是诊断缺铁性贫血必须的依据;铁蛋白减低合并缺叶酸或维生素B12减低,可呈小细胞低色素性贫血;叶酸、维生素B12检测,是诊断巨幼细胞性贫血必须的依据。
Objective: To study importance of anemia laboratory indexes in diagnosis and treatment of anemia. Methods:4330 cases of anemia were selected, the ratio of male to female patients and anemia type were statistically analyzed. The levels of ser-um ferritin, folic acid and vitamin B12 were analyzed. Results:Among the 4 330 cases, there were 2 254 male patients and 2 076 fe-male patients. Among the male patients, there were 208 cases with microcytic hypochromic anemia, and 194 cases with macrocytic a-nemia;while among the female patients, there were 302 cases with microcytic hypochromic anemia, and 77 cases with macrocytic ane-mia. The serological examination showed that:among the patients with macrocytic anemia, the percentage of vitamin B12 decrease was lower with the ratio of male to female patients of being close to 1:3, but the percentage of folic acid decrease was greater with the ratio of being close to 1. 2:1;among the patients with microcytic anemia, the ratio of male to female patients was close to 2:3; among the patients with microcytic hypochromic anemia, the percentage of serum ferritin combined with folic acid and/or vitamin B12 decrease was 5%. Among 781 cases with macrocytic anemia ﹢microcytic hypochromic anemia, the patients in the departments of oncology and hematology, infection, pediatrics, obstetrics, gastroenterology, and gynecology were more and accounted for 19. 2%, 11. 78%, 10. 50%, 9. 73%, 8. 71% and 7. 94%, respectively. The ratio of male to female patients with microcytic hypochromic anemia was a-bout 3:2, and that of patients with macrocytic anemia was about 2. 5:1. Conclusions:Serum ferritin decrease is an imperative basis in the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia, and serum ferritin decrease combined with folic acid or vitamin B12 decrease indicates micro-cytic hypochromic anemia. The detection of folic acid and vitamin B12 is a requisite basis in the diagnosis of megaloblastic anemia.
出处
《中国民康医学》
2015年第7期35-36,38,共3页
Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Health
关键词
贫血
实验室指标
诊断
重要性
Anemia
Laboratory indexes
Diagnosis
Importance
