摘要
目前工业化合成硼氢化钠的工艺有Schlesinger法和Bayer法,而Schlesinger法是工业化合成硼氢化钠应用最广的工艺,其关键步骤为氢化钠和硼酸三甲酯的合成。本文一方面从氢化钠的合成、硼酸三甲酯的合成及硼氢化钠的合成3个方面详细论述了Schlesinger法合成工艺进展情况;并指出目前方法存在的问题,如采用油液分散金属钠法合成的氢化钠活性差,制约了氢化钠的应用,硼酸三甲酯工业合成过程中过多使用浓硫酸造成环境严重污染。另一方面对Schlesinger法工艺改进提出了几点设想,如企业全流程合成硼氢化钠可节约外购成本和仓储成本;硼酸三甲酯的合成取代浓硫酸的应用,提纯采用盐析的方法均可以减轻环境污染;硼氢化钠水解过程中采用稀液碱溶液代替淡水,可避免硼氢化钠水解,提高产品收率。
Currently,Schlesinger process and Bayer process are both industrial synthesis process of sodium borohydride. The Brown-Schlesinger process is the major process in use today for making sodium borohydride. The key steps of the process are the production of sodium hydride and trimethyl borate. The synthesis process of sodium hydride,trimethyl borate and sodium borohydride are reviewed. The existing problems are commented,such as sodium hydride prepared in mineral oil is poor in activity,serious environmental pollution caused by excessive use of concentrated sulfuric acid in industrial production of trimethyl borate. Some directions for further study are given. Integration of the process steps from start to finish will impact the bottom line cost. Synthesis of trimethyl borate instead of using sulfuric acid and purification by the salting out method can both reduce environmental pollution. In the process of sodium borohydride hydrolysis use of liquid dilute alkali solution instead of fresh water can avoid sodium borohydride hydrolysis and improve product yield.
出处
《化工进展》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第11期3021-3025,共5页
Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX2-EW-307)
关键词
硼氢化钠
施莱辛格法
合成
sodium borohydride
Schlesinger process
synthesis
