摘要
本研究考察了爱努人国民化、民族意识与国家意识张力的动态过程,认为实施加速产业转型的土地政策、建立塑造现代国民的教育政策、将爱努人纳入户籍制度和社会福利体系、依法治理国民事务与区域发展事务这四个方面的国家政策,主导了爱努人国民化过程。然而,同时实施的禁止爱努文化等歧视性民族政策,导致了二战后民族意识与国家认同张力的凸显。因此,20世纪末日本政府在国际大趋势下,颁布实施了爱努传统文化保护法律,承认了爱努人的原住民身份,缓解了民族认同与国家认同之间的张力。
Based on the field work and related literature review, this paper explores the dynamic process of the construction of Ainu people＇s Japanese Identity, as well as the tension between Ainu Identity and Japanese Identity. Policies which dominated the process of Ainu people＇s national identity construction in Meiji Times include mainly land policy which accelerated the industrial transition, education policy which aimed at shaping modern citizens, household registration system and social welfare system with the Ainu people being involved, and laws for managing national and regional issues. However, the discriminatory policies were implemented simultaneously to ban the Ainu culture, which highlighted the tension between the Ainu Identity and national identity. This paper argues that the tension was eased by the implementation of policies and laws which protected traditional Ainu culture and acknowledged the aboriginal identity of Ainu people in Japan since 1990s.
出处
《世界民族》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第6期73-82,共10页
Journal of World Peoples Studies
