摘要
欧洲认同的形成是一体化深入发展的需要。但是一体化进程中也存在一种要求尊重、维护成员国民族认同的观点。因此一体化的发展需要处理正在形成中的欧洲认同和现有的民族认同之间的关系。在这个问题上,欧盟一直存在超国家主义、国家中心主义和多元主义三种不同的观点。超国家主义认为欧洲认同必然取代民族认同;国家中心主义则站在民族主义立场上对欧洲认同的发展持悲观态度;多元主义则宣扬欧洲认同和民族认同相互依存、相互补充的观点。对欧盟公民的社会调查结果表明,国家主义的观点仍然得到许多民众的支持,但是多元主义正在逐渐深入人心。特别是一种民族认同+欧洲认同的多元主义方式,正在为越来越多的欧盟民众所接受,这为欧洲一体化的发展奠定了一定的社会基础。
European integration calls for the formation of European identity. But in the process of integration, there exit strong voices for respecting and maintaining national identities of the member states. Therefore the EU has to, first of all, resolve the problem of the relationship between the emergent European identity and the exiting national identities. There are three kinds of attitudes exist in the EU, that is, Supra-nationalism, State-centralism and Pluralism. While the Supra-nationalism considers European identity bound to take the place of national identities, the State-centralists, based on the standpoint of nationalism, is pessimistic about the development of European identity. And the pluralists argue European identity would co-exit with national identities. The results of surveys among the EU citizens showed that many of them support the views of state-centralism, but pluralism is gaining weight in the EU. In particular a pluralistic model of 'national identity plus European identity' is accepted by more and more EU citizens.
出处
《欧洲研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第3期80-96,共17页
Chinese Journal of European Studies
