摘要
柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Coxsackievirus A16,CVA16)是引起手足口病(Hand,foot,and mouth disease,HFMD)的重要致病原,常与另一重要病原体肠道病毒71型(Enterovirus 71,EV-A71)共同或交替流行。该病毒在世界多个国家和地区引起过暴发流行,成为重要的公共卫生问题。CVA16可分为A和B两个基因型;其中基因型B可以分成B1和B2两个基因亚型;B1亚型又可进一步分成B1a、B1b和B1c三个进化分支。基因型A与B2在世界范围内已不再流行;我国大陆分离到的CVA16毒株均属B1a和B1b进化分支。CVA16感染多为自限性轻症,但亦可引起严重的并发症,甚至引起患者死亡。目前尚无针对该病毒的有效药物或治疗手段,研发安全有效的疫苗成为控制该病毒的重要措施。随着EV-A71疫苗三期临床试验的成功完成,CVA16疫苗的研究也显得更加迫切。多家机构正在研究各种类型的CVA16疫苗,包括灭活疫苗、基因工程疫苗及DNA疫苗等。本文就CVA16的分子流行病学及其疫苗研究进展进行了综述。
Epidemics of hand,foot and mouth disease（HFMD）have mainly been caused by Coxsackievirus A16（CVA16）and Enterovirus A 71（EV-A71）,which circulated alternatively or together in the affected area.CVA16has caused numerous outbreaks and epidemics in multiple countries and geographical regions,and has become an important public health problem.Based on an analysis of the complete VP1coding region,all CVA16strains can be divided into genotypes A,B1,and B2.Furthermore,genotype B1can be divided into subgenotypes B1a,B1b,and B1c.After 2000,no reports of genotype B2virus strains have been reported.All of the CVA16strains reported in China's Mainland have belonged to subgenotypes B1a and B1b.Most CVA16-associated infections cause only mild symptoms;however,some CVA16infections can lead to severe complications and even death.Vaccination is considered to be the most effective method to control the transmission and infection rate of this virus.A number of research groups are studying various vaccine types,including inactivated vaccines,genetic engineering vaccines,and DNA vaccines,amongst others.In this review,an overview is provided of the research advances in molecular epidemiology and vaccines of CVA16.
出处
《病毒学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第4期483-488,共6页
Chinese Journal of Virology
基金
(艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治科技重大专项)病毒性传染病病原谱流行规律及变异研究(2013ZX10004202)
(2012ZX10004201-003)
关键词
手足口病
柯萨奇病毒A组16型
基因型
疫苗
Hand,foot and mouth disease（HFMD）
Coxsackievirus A16
Genotype
Vaccine
