摘要
用 49周龄北京红商品产蛋鸡 12 0只 ,按 2× 3因子安排的完全随机设计随机分为 5组 ,分别饲喂不添加铬的玉米 豆粕型对照组基础饲粮和以三氯化铬或吡啶羧酸铬形式添加 2 0、10 0mg/kg铬的饲粮 ,在热应激条件下(9:0 0～ 17:0 0维持 36± 2℃ ,其余时间 2 8± 2℃ )饲养 30d ,研究铬源及铬水平对热应激产蛋鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质、血清生化特性及免疫功能的影响。铬源对蛋壳厚度、蛋壳百分率、血清甘油三酯及全血T淋巴细胞转化率有明显影响 (P <0 0 4) ,对所观测的其余指标无显著影响 (P >0 10 )。铬水平对采食量、料 /蛋比、蛋壳厚度、蛋壳百分率、蛋黄颜色、血清甘油三酯含量、碱性磷酸酶活性 (AKP)和全血T淋巴细胞转化率有明显影响 (P <0 10 ) ,但对所观测的其余指标无明显影响 (P >0 12 )。其中添加 2 0mg/kg铬组采食量高于对照组 (P <0 0 4) ,添加 10 0mg/kg铬组采食量与对照组和添加 2 0mg/kg铬组间均无明显差异 (P >0 14) ;除第 2周添加 10 0mg/kg铬组蛋黄颜色未明显高于对照外 (P >0 76 ) ,其它各周添加 2 0和 10 0mg/kg铬组蛋黄颜色均显著高于对照组 (P <0 0 9) ;添加 2 0和 10 0mg/kg铬组 ,料 /蛋比高于对照组 (P <0 0 6 ) ,血清甘油三酯含量低于对照组 (P <0 0 7) 。
An experiment was conducted using a total of 120 49-week old Beijing Red commercial layers to investigate the effects of dietary added chromium(Cr) source and Cr level on egg production performance,egg quality,serum biochemical traits and immune responses of heat stressed layers.Layers were randomly allotted to one of five treatments according to a 2×3 factorial arrangement,and fed a basal corn-soybean meal diet (control) and the basal diets supplemented with 2.0 or 10.0 mg/kg Cr as either Cr chloride or Cr picolinate under heat stress (36±2℃ from 9:00 to 17:00,and 28±2℃ for the rest time of each day)for 30 days,respectively.Chromium source affected(P<0.04)eggshell thickness,eggshell percentage,serum triglyceride(TG) concentration and blood T lymphocyte conversion rate,but had no effect(P>0.10)on other indices measured.Chromium level influenced(P<0.10)average daily feed intake(ADFI),feed/egg ratio,eggshell thickness,eggshell percentage,egg yolk color,serum triglyceride(TG) concentration,alkaline phosphatase(AKP)activity,and blood T lymphocyte conversion rate,but had no effect(P>0.12)on other indices measured.Layers fed the diet containing 2.0 mg/kg added Cr had higher ADFI(P<0.04)than those fed the control diet,but layers fed the diet containing 10.0 mg/kg added Cr had similar ADFI(P>0.14)to layers fed the control diet or those fed the diet containing 2.0 mg/kg added Cr;Layers fed the diets supplemented with 2.0 and 10.0 mg/kg Cr had higher egg color(P<0.09)than those fed the control diet except for those fed the diet with 10.0 mg/kg added Cr at week 2 (P>0.76);Layers fed the diets supplemented with 2.0 and 10.0 mg/kg Cr had higher feed/egg ratio(P<0.06)and serum AKP activity(P<0.07),lower serum triglyceride(P<0.07)than those fed the control diet,but no differences(P>0.64)for the above indices were observed between the layers fed the two added Cr level diets.Chromium source by Cr level interactions(P<0.01)were observed for eggshell streghth,eggshell thickness,eggshell percentage and blood T lymphocyte conversion rate.Layers fed the diet containing 10.0 mg/kg added Cr as Cr chloride had highest(P<0.05)eggshell thickness and eggshell percentage and blood T lymphocyte conversion rate,and higher(P<0.07)eggshell strenghth than those fed all other diets except for the diet containing 2.0 mg/kg added Cr as Cr picolinate.The results from this study indicate that the two Cr sources had similar effects on most indices measured,but Cr from Cr chloride was more effective than Cr from Cr picolinate in improving eggshell quality and cell-mediated immune response of heat stressed layers;Chromium could improve egg yolk color and eggshell quality,and decrease serum triglyceride concentration and enhance cell-mediated immune response and serum AKP activity of heat stressed layers.At least 10.0 mg/kg added Cr to the basal diet was required for the best eggshell quality and cell-mediated immune response,and 2.0 mg/kg added Cr for the best egg yolk color and highest AKP activity and lowest serum triglyceride.
出处
《畜牧兽医学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第4期313-320,共8页
ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA
基金
北京市自然科学基金资助项目 ( 6 972 0 11)
关键词
铬
热应激产蛋鸡
产蛋性能
蛋品质
血清生化特性
免疫功能
饲料添加剂
Chromium
Heat stressed layers
Egg production performance
Egg quality
Serum biolchemical traits
Immune responses
