摘要
对我国玉米主产区 9省 1 1个点的亚洲玉米螟越冬幼虫寄生性天敌资源进行了调查。寄生性天敌昆虫主要有玉米螟厉寄蝇、腰带长体茧蜂、大螟钝唇姬蜂 ;病原微生物有白僵菌、苏云金杆菌、玉米螟微粒子虫和Nosemasp 等。总体上看 ,病原微生物的感染率高于寄生性天敌昆虫的寄生率 ,但不同种类在各地之间的分布有明显差异。白僵菌为东北春玉米区优势种 ,在吉林省的公主岭和通榆发病率达 74 8%～ 80 4 % ,可能与当地长期使用白僵菌进行玉米螟防治有关。苏云金杆菌在夏玉米区的寄生率明显较高 ,为 6 7%～ 1 3 7%。微孢子虫的感染率为 0～ 2 3 1 % ,玉米螟微粒子虫为优势种 ,主要流行在春玉米区 ,而在夏玉米区郑州寄生的微孢子虫为Nosema属一未知新种。腰带长体茧蜂分布范围较广 ,寄生率为 0～ 1 7 9% ,以夏玉米区寄生率较高。大螟钝唇姬蜂仅在赤峰、朔州和敦化有寄生 ,寄生率分别为 1 5%、0 5%和 0 8%。玉米螟厉寄蝇在除赤峰和衡水外的各点均有分布 ,寄生率为 0 7%～ 6 3% ,以山西朔州的寄生率为最高 。
The parasitoids and pathogens of the Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis) overwintering larvae were investigated in 11 geographically distinct locations of 9 provinces of main corn growing area in China A tachinid fly, Lydella grisescens (Diptera, Tachinidae), a braconid wasp, Macrocentrus cingulum (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) and an ichneumon wasp, Eriborus terebrans (Ichneumonidae) were the major parasitic insects Beauvaria bassiana, Bacillus thuringiensis and two microsporidia, Nosema furnacalis and Nosema spp , were the major pathogens In general, O. furnacalis mortality caused by pathogens was higher than by parasitic insects Muscardine was the most prevalent disease, especially in the spring maize area The incidence was as high as 74 8%-80 4% in Dunhua and Gongzhuling of Jilin B bassiana was commonly used as microbial pesticide to control O. furnacalis in these area B thuringiensis was more prevalent in the summer maize area The incidence was 6 7%-13 7% N furnacalis prevailed in the spring maize area and Nosema spp distributed in the summer maize area Braconid wasp widely established in the summer maize area It attacked 0-17 9% of O. furnacalis larvae E. terebrans was most abundant in Chifeng of Intra Mongolia, Shuozhou of Shanxi, and Dunhua, attacked 1 5, 0 5 and 0 8 per cent of O. furnacalis larvae, respectively The tachinid fly was prevalent in all locations except Chifeng and Hengshui of Hebei, and most abundant in Shuozhou The parasitism was 0 7%-6 3%.
出处
《中国生物防治》
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第2期49-53,共5页
Chinese Journal of Biological Control
基金
国家自然科学基金项目 (39970 4 89)
