摘要
小麦小孢子培养一直是国内外长期以来努力攻克的课题。值得高兴的是 ,近几年来国际上在这方面的研究进展很大 ,已成功地建立了小麦小孢子的培养体系 ,同时在克服基因型限制问题上也有了一定的进展。主要技术要点如下 :1.小孢子和未成熟子房共培养对胚胎发生是十分必要的 ;2 .通过对外植体进行胁迫处理 ,可以有效地诱导小孢子由配子体发育途径向孢子体发育途径转变 ;3.对分离的小孢子采用Percoll梯度离心方法进行分级分离 ,可以降低基因型对小孢子胚胎发生的限制作用。本文对这些方面进行了综述 。
In vitro haploid induction is, regarding the rapid completion in homozygosity, an effective method for wheat breeding. For a long time, anther culture is the major method to produce wheat haploid. However, recently the research on production of haploid through isolated microspore embryogenesis is very active and achievable in wheat. Compared with anther culture, microspore culture has mainly the following advantages: Ⅰ. Regenerated plants are produced via embryogenesis, avoiding the callus phase and reducing the somaclonal variation often resulting in aberrant with inferior agronomic fitness; Ⅱ. The method can provide savings in time and work costs. In the light of the present research results, Plant regeneration system via microspore embroygenesis depends mainly on the several technique: 1. Ovary co culture is essential for microspore division and embroygenesis; 2. The deviation of microspore from a gametophytic to sporophytic developmental pathway was induced by stress pretreatment on explants; 3. The procedure of microspore purified and separated by Percoll centrifugation promotes greatly embryogenesis, even in the genotype, which is very recalcitrant in wheat anther culture.
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
2002年第1期91-94,共4页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
北京市自然科学基金资助项目"冬小麦小孢子培养高效再生体系的建立"(5 992 0 0 8)
