摘要
目的了解上海市金山区中小学生体重的自我评价与实际体重的符合程度,分析实际体重及体重自我评价与减肥行为的关系进行。方法采取随机整群抽样方法,抽取上海市金山区1所小学、3所初中和1所高中,共3961名学生,采用问卷形式进行现场调查。结果中小学生体型超重或肥胖检出率为11. 2%,自评为超重或者肥胖的学生占总人数的35. 3%。有28. 5%体重正常的学生认为自己超重或者肥胖,这个比例随着学龄段的升高而增大。选择不健康减肥方式的学生比例也随着学龄段升高而呈上升趋势,如选择"不吃主食"为减肥方式的学生分别为4.1%(小学)、7.2%(初中)和10.5%(高中)。自我评价超重或肥胖是学生进行不良减肥行为的危险因素,而客观超重或肥胖并不是不良减肥行为的危险因素,如在初中生中,客观超重或肥胖并不是选择"吃减肥药"作为减肥方式的危险因素(OR=0.837),而自我评价超重或肥胖却是其危险因素(OR=1.447)。结论上海市金山区部分中小学生不能正确和科学地评价自身体型,体型认知偏倚也与其抉择不健康的减肥方式相关,学校卫生工作者应加强相关的健康教育。
Objective To observe the consistency of actual body weight status and body image perception, and to explore the association between body weight status, body image perception and weight control behaviors. Methods A total of 3961 students were selected from 1 primary school, 3 junior schools and 1 senior school using cluster sampling method in Jinshan District, Shanghai. Selected students were asked to fill out a questionnaire. Results The prevalence of overweight/obesity among the students was 11. 2%, while 35. 3% of the students reported overweight or obese by themselves. Students who were in actual standard body status but reported themselves overweight or obese accounted for 28. 5%, and this proportion increased with the school age. The percentage of those who chose unhealthy weight control behaviors increased with the school age too. Those who lost their weight by not having staple food among primary students, junior students, and senior students accounted for 4. 1%, 7.2% 10. 5%, respectively. Self-evaluation of overweight or obese, instead of the actual status of overweight and obesity, was the risk factor of unhealthy weight control behaviors. Among the junior students, actual status of overweight and obesity was not the risk factor of taking diet pills(OR =0. 837), but self-evaluation of overweight or obese was its risk factor( OR = 1. 447). Conclusion Some of students could not correctly self-evaluate their body image,and the uncorrected evaluation might lead to unhealthy weight control behaviors. Therefore, school health education practitioners should improve the situation by more health education among students.
作者
唐富荣
王继伟
夏娟
邓青龙
杨忍忍
余金明
TANG Fu—rong;WANG Ji—wei;XIA Juan;DENG Qing—long;YGNG Ren—Ren;YU Jin—ming(Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Ministry of Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China)
出处
《中国健康教育》
北大核心
2018年第10期916-919,共4页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
2014年度上海市学校体育科研重点项目(HJTY-2014-C01)
关键词
体型自我评价
中小学生
减肥行为
Body image perception
Primary and secondary students
Weight control behaviors
