摘要
采集番茄等蔬菜叶、根和土壤样本 1 82份 ,分离获得对番茄灰霉病菌 (Botrytiscinerea Pers.)有抑制作用的拮抗菌5 8株。其中拮抗细菌 5 4株 ,占 93 .1 % ,且多为芽孢杆菌 (Bacillus) ;拮抗真菌中木霉 (Trichoderma)和粘帚霉 (Gliocladium)各 1株。根据抑菌圈法测定 ,拮抗细菌对灰霉菌的拮抗能力有显著差异 ,其中芽孢杆菌 Y2 - 1 1 - 1 菌株拮抗性最强且稳定。试验表明 :Y2 - 1 1 - 1 悬浮液对番茄灰霉病有较好的防治效果 ,室内叶片和果实的防效分别为 69.9%和 78.2 % ;大棚内对果腐的防效 ,喷施 1次与 2次的分别为 61 .7%～ 72 .1 %和 76.6%～ 85 .3 % ,明显优于 5 0 %速克灵 (2 0 0 0倍稀释液 )。
strains antagonistic to Botrytis cinerea Pers. were obtained by isolating 182 samples of tomato leaves, roots and soils. Among them, the number of bacteria amounted to 54 and made up 93.1% of all antagonistic microorganisms, the majority of which belonged to Bacillus. Two isolates of antagonistic fungi were identified as Trichoderma sp. and Gliocladium sp., respectively. The inhibition zone test showed that the antagonism of bacteria against the pathogen varied with the isolates. Among them, the isolate Y 2 11 1 of Bacillus had the strongest and stable inhibiting activity. Indoors, the control effects of Y 2 11 1 suspension on the diseased tomato leaves and fruits were 69.9% and 78.2%, respectively. In greenhouse, the effects of controlling the fruit rot by Y 2 11 1 were 61.7%~72.1% after one spray and 76.6%~85.3% after two sprays, which was obviously better than those by 50% procymidone (2 000 times).
基金
国家"九五"农业攻关项目 (960 14 0 10 60 1)
关键词
番茄
灰霉病菌
拮抗菌
芽孢杆菌
生物防治
tomato
Botrytis cinerea
antagonistic microorganisms
Bacillus
biological control
