摘要
介绍了目前国内电石法生产PVC树脂的成本分布情况。我国 1999年PVC的产量为 195万t/a(电石法为 111万t) ,2 0 0 0年PVC产量为 2 45万t/a(电石法为 12 4万t,比 1999年提高了 11.7% ,占总产量的 5 1% )。在用电石为原料生产PVC过程中 ,电石和氯化氢占总成本的 74.8% ,是影响生产成本的主要因素。进一步降低生产成本的措施是 :(1)回收合成气中未反应的氯化氢 ;(2 )改进生产配方 ,使用国产助剂 ;(3)提高电石水解温度 ;(4 )滤液、离心母液复用 ,将塔液密闭集中后用作电石水解 ;(5 )改变干燥的操作条件。改进措施后可节省费用 30 0元 / (t·PVC) ;连同 (6 )把电石消耗定额由 1.6t/ (t·PVC)降至 1.4t/ (t·PVC) ,将使总生产成本下降 70 0元 / (t·PVC)。
Current domestic cost structure of PVC resin produced by calcium carbide process are introduced.The domestic output of PVC resin in the year 1999 and 2000 is 1.95 million tons (1.11 million tons by carbide process) and 2.45 million tons (1.24 million tons by carbide process,amounting for 51% of the total) respectively,and the output of PVC resin by carbide process in 2000 is 11.7% higher than that in 1999.In the production process of PVC resin using calcium carbide as raw materials,calcium carbide and hydrogen chloride are key factors influencing the cost ,which can account for nearly 74.8%.Methods to reduce the cost of PVC resin are as follows :(1)recovering unreacted hydrogen chloride from synthetic gas ;(2)improving production formula and adopting domestic additives ;(3)increasing the hydrolysis temperature of calcium carbide;(4)recycling the filtrate and centrifugate,and closing and collecting the liquid coming from reacting towers to hydrolyze calcium carbide;(5)adjusting drying process.After adopting the above methods,the cost of PVC can reduce 300 RMB $/t.Meanwhile,since the consumption figures of calcium carbide can reduce from 1.6 t/(t·PVC) to 1.4 t/(t·PVC),the total cost of PVC resin can reduce 700 RMB $/t.Several methods for the comprehensive utilization of carbide sludge are also introduced.
出处
《聚氯乙烯》
CAS
2001年第3期18-26,共9页
Polyvinyl Chloride
