5Porter M E.Competitive strategy:techniques for analyzing industries and competitors.New York:The Free Press,1980.
6Loasby B J.Running a business:an appraisal of economics,organization and management by Paul Milgrom and John Roberts.Industrial and Corporate Change,1995,(4):471～489.
7Grant R M.Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm.Strategic Management Journal,1996,(17):109～122.
8Spender J C,Grant R M.Knowledge and the firm:overview.Strategic Management Journal,1996,17(Winter SpecialIssue):5～9.
9Porter M E.Competitive advantage:creating and sustaining superior performance.New York:the Free Press,1985.
10Porter M E.Competitive advantage of nation.New York:The Free Press,1990.
