摘要
目的 了解影响上海市城乡老年人健康和生存质量的几种常见慢性病的现况。 方法 采用分层、多级、整群抽样的方法对上海 2 2个居委会及 14个村委会所属年龄≥ 6 0岁 12 5 90名居民按名单入户调查自报慢性病的患病情况。 结果 老年人慢性病总患病率为 6 0 3% ,其中男性患病率 5 9 4% ,女性 6 1 9% ,女性高于男性。城区老年人慢性病总患病率为 6 6 5 % ,明显高于农村(5 3 9% ) ,且城区女性高于男性 ,农村两性之间差异无显著性。城市老年人慢性病患病率由高到低前6位依次为高血压、白内障、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、冠心病、其他心脏病、糖尿病 ,其患病率分别为33 6 %、18 3%、11 9%、9 1%、7 9%、5 9%。农村老年人患病率由高到低依次为高血压、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、白内障、耳聋、其他心脏病、骨畸形及骨质疏松症 ,其患病率依次为 2 0 9%、15 2 %、7 0 %、5 7%、4 3%、4 2 %。 结论 城乡之间慢性病分布现状和特点差异有显著性 ,针对不同情况应采取不同的预防措施 。
Objective To study the prevalence and the distribution of several chronic diseases which affect the life quality and the health of the Shanghai elderly people. Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used in the survey of the prevalence rate of several common chronic diseases (self reported) in 12 590 residents ≥60 years of age in 22 urban and 14 rural communities in Shanghai. Results The total prevalence rate of several chronic diseases in the elderly is 60 3%, with male being 59 4% and female being 61 9%. The total prevalence rate in the urban elderly was 66 5%, significantly higher than that of the rural elderly(53 9%). In urban areas, female's prevalence was higher than the males. While in rural area no difference between male and female was observed. In urban areas, the prevalence from high to low stood hypertension(33 6%), cataract(18 3%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)(11 9%), coronary heart disease(9 1%), other heart diseases(7 9%), diabetes mellitus(5 9%). In rural areas, the prevalence from high to low stood hypertension (20 9%), COPD(15 2%), cataract(7 0%), deafness(5 7%), other heart diseases(4 3%), osteoideformed or osteoporosis(4 2%). Conclusions The distribution and the status of the chronic diseases in rural areas are significantly different from that of urban areas. We should carry out different strategies according to different conditions for enhancing the health and life quality of the elderly.
出处
《中华老年医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第4期287-289,共3页
Chinese Journal of Geriatrics
基金
国家"九.五"攻关资助项目 ( 96 90 6 0 5 11)
