摘要
1996～ 1999年 ,采用Utah加权模型 ,先后对 5个树种、 6 5个常见设施栽培果树品种的需冷量及相关特性进行了研究。结果表明 :不同树种、品种的需冷量差异显著 ,葡萄、西洋樱桃的需冷量最高 ,桃最低 ,李、杏居中 ,而且年际间有较大差异 ,说明作为一种遗传特性 ,需冷量亦受环境因素的调节 ;同一树种不同品种的需冷量高低与本品种果实的成熟期无明显关系 ,果实成熟期早而需冷量较高的情况普遍存在 ;同一品种其需冷量基本趋势是花芽高于叶芽 ;根系在低温需求进程中起调控作用 ,与地上低温同步的根际高温减少了花芽的需冷量 ,而根系低温则没有效果。晚秋根外喷布 6 BA降低了油桃和杏的低温需求量 ,GA3则有增加低温需求量的趋势 。
Utah model was used for estimating bud chilling requirements of 65 fruit tree cultivars from 5 species in greenhouse during 1995-1999.Bud(both leaf and flower bud)chilling requirements were significant differences among different kinds of species and cultivars:grape and sweat cherry possessed the highest chilling requirements(respectively 1010-1840c.u,910-1240c.u),chiuing reqairement of plum and apricot were lower(800-880c.u,790-910c.u),then those of peach cultivars were the lowest(500-910c.u).Moreover,the same cultivars had significantly different chilling requirements between different years,it indicated that chilling requirements not only were affected by genetic factors but also regulated by enviromental variations.No regular relationship was found between chilling requirements and fruit development period,It also noted that flower bud had higher chilling units than leaf bud in almost all the experimental cultivars.In proce ssing of endodormancy,root might have some effects and in the experiment it affected the chilling requirements:high root temperature(in fact the temperature was the most suitable for root growth and development)reduced the flower bud chilling requirements,but lower and natural root temperature had no effects.Spraying growth regulators of different concentration also affected the chilling requirements:10-50mg·L -1 6 BA reduced the chilling requirements and sprouting or blooming,10-50mg·L -1 GA 3 increased the chilling requirements,but ABA had no effects,compared with the control of spraying of H 2O.
出处
《园艺学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第4期283-289,共7页
Acta Horticulturae Sinica
基金
山东省科委果树三零工程项目 (5 31 30 0 4 2 )
山东省教委青年基金资助项目 (5 31 32 5 31)
