摘要
目的 探讨p53基因和mdm2基因在食管鳞癌中的作用及其相互关系。方法 提取20例新鲜食管癌及癌旁组织的DNA,用银染单链多态构象分析（SSCP）及差异PCR（dPCR）法分别检测p53基因第七、八外显子突变及mdm2基因扩增。结果20例食管癌组织中共8例（40％）有P53基因突变,其突变同癌组织的分化程度、局部有无淋巴结转移呈显著相关;5例（25％）有mdm2基因扩增,但同临床各项指标不相关。结论p53基因突变同食管癌的发生、发展及某些生物学行为有关;mdm2基因扩增主要发生在无p53基因突变的癌组织中。
Objective To reveal the role of p53 and mdm2 genes and their association in development of the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods p53 gene mutation was detected with SSCP method and mdm2 gene amplification was analyzed with dPCR method in 20 fresh tumor and peritumor tissue samples. The relationship between these two factors and the clinicpathologic parameters of the esophageal carcinoma were investigated. Results p53 mutation was demonstrated in eight cases (40%), there were obvious associations among the gene mutation, histological gradings and local lymph node metastasis. Five cases (25%) showed mdm2 gene amplification, but there was no significant association with all of the clinicopathologic parameters of interest. p53 gene mutation was negatively related to mdm2 gene ampligication. Conclusions p53 gene mutation was related with the pathogenesis and development of esophageal carcinoma, while mdm2 gene amplification was mainly found in the cases without p53 gene mutation.
