摘要
根据化学海洋学中海水组成保守性和固-液平衡原理,以及海水中银的溶存形式,计算并合成了与天然海水中卤离子呈热力学平衡的卤化银固溶体。以该固溶体作为活性材料制成的全固态银-卤化银电极,对海水中氯离子活度具有理想的Nernst响应。在天然海水中浸泡近四年(1986.1—1989.11)的结果表明,该电极具有良好的化学稳定性和电化学稳定性且不存在电势漂移和光敏现象,是比常规的银-氯化银电极更为理想的参比电极,已成功地用作海洋构筑物阴极保护系统的长寿命参比电极。
Based on principle of constant seawater composition and the concept of solid/seawater equilibrium in chemical oceanography, and results of studies on the speciation of silver in sea-water, the chemical constitution of the halogen silver solid solution for it to be in thermody-natnic equilibrum with halogen ions in seawater was calculated, and the solid solution was prepared. X-ray crystal analysis showed that the solid solution of AgBr in AgCl is nearly ideal. Thermodynamic calculation showed the equilibrium composition of the solid solution changes little with the salinity and tenperature of the seawater. The complete solid electrode, with solid solution as active material, has ideal Nernstian response to activity of chlorine ion in seawater. Nearly four years(Jan. 1986-Nov. 1989) of experiments of soaking the solid solution electrode in natural seawater showed that, the electrode has good electrochemical stability (but Ag/AgCl electrode is unstable and light sensitive in seawater), and that water temperature and motion slightly effect the electrode potential, which is sensitive only to variation of salinity. The solid solution electrode is a much better reference electrode than conventional Ag/AgCl electrode in seawater and has been used successfully as long service life reference electrode in cathodic protection systems for marine construction.
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第4期347-352,共6页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
