摘要
焊接残余应力导致由奥氏体不锈钢焊接而成的压力容器接头处成为事故多发部位。为研究其残余应力分布情况,本文通过SYSWELD软件建立了有限元模型,并进行了包括3层对接焊、搭接焊、T形焊等3种方式的数值模拟,得到了焊后残余应力的分布及数值,即在焊缝处残余应力为拉应力,从焊缝区向母材区过渡为压应力。数值分析表明,在相同焊接工艺以及材料的条件下,T形焊等效残余应力比搭接焊小;焊缝焊后受热会导致残余应力分布发生变化。通过X射线衍射仪对实体焊件进行残余应力测量,并将其结果与残余应力的模拟结果进行对比,发现两者的趋势与数值基本吻合,证实了数值模拟方法的正确性。
Pressured vessel welded joints ol austenitic stainless steel were accident-prone parts due to the residual stress.In order to study the distribution of the residual stress on the pressured vessel,the software SYSWELD was adopted to construct the finite element model.Three kinds of welding including three-pass butt-welding,overlapwelding,T-welding were simulated,and the distribution and numerical values of the residual stress were obtained.The results suggested that the residual stress was tensile at the weld and turned into pressure from the weld to the base metal.The niises stress of T-welding was smaller than that of overlap-welding under the condition of the same welding technology and material.The residual stress distribution would be changed due to the heat after welding.The residual stress was tested by the X-ray diffraction technology,and the testing results were compared with the simulation results of the stresses distribution.The experiments data showed a good fitting with the numerical simulation results,which proved the validity of the numerical simulation methods.
出处
《焊接技术》
北大核心
2014年第6期7-11,5,共5页
Welding Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金(11172013)
国家质量监督检验检疫总局科技项目资助(2011QK037)
北京市自然科学基金(3122004)
关键词
奥氏体不锈钢
压力容器
残余应力
焊接
数值模拟
austenitic stainless steel
pressured vessel
residual stress
welding
numerical simulation
