摘要
动力锂电池组的电源管理系统是延长电池循环寿命、维护电动汽车安全运行的关键。为延长电池的使用寿命,该文针对纯电动汽车,设计了一种以飞思卡尔单片机和电池管理芯片为核心的锂电池管理系统。实现对锂离子单体电池电压、电流等的检测及显示,对电池组充放电进行监控和保护,实现电池组的均衡及总电压、总电流、温度的检测,利用控制器局域网络CAN(controller area network)总线对其进行通讯设计。最后通过系统调试、精度试验和均衡试验等进行系统功能验证,证明了电池管理系统的有效性。该研究可为纯电动汽车电池管理系统设计与应用提供参考。
Energy conservation and environmental protection have become new targets of the development of the automobile industry. A new generation of electric vehicles have gotten a great development, which can diversify transport configuration with its zero-emission, low noise, etc., and attract extensive attentions worldwide. However, the battery problem of energy storage and application technology remains to restrict the development of electric vehicles. How to extend battery life and improve battery energy efficiency and operational reliability are problems that must be addressed for the electric vehicle energy management system. Battery management system is one of the key technologies related to electric vehicles and plays an important role in practice and commercialization, so the technology research of battery management system has a great significance. In all secondary batteries, the lithium batteries have the highest energy density and power density ratio, and became the most widely used electric vehicle batteries. Because of the inherent characteristics of lithium battery materials, overcharge, over-discharge, and over-temperature, battery pack performance will rapidly decay and eventually cause the battery pack failure. Therefore, the battery management system for lithium batteries plays an important role in extending the battery life cycle and maintaining safe operation of electric vehicles. This paper presents a kind of battery management system with a Freescale microcontroller core. It can provide accurate measurement of the battery cell voltage, total battery voltage, battery temperature, ambient temperature, current, and other information. The battery management system can also provide data to support the analysis of battery performance. In addition, the hardware circuit of the system has the functions of battery over-voltage/under-voltage protection and energy balance, etc., and the single cell can be monitored and implement the necessary protection. A PC monitoring system obtains data related to the battery via the CAN bus communication from the battery management system, and achieves the battery status real-time display, while all the data can be saved to a file. The PC monitor interface can achieve programming control of the working status of charging and discharging battery pack and is able to set the parameters of the battery failure, to ensure the security of the battery charging and discharging process. The experiments verified the physical parameters of the system on battery power detection with high accuracy and achieved a dynamic two-way balancing. In addition, the battery management system functions are verified on CAN communication and the voltage display. At last, a balanced experimental verification of effectiveness equalization was conducted. The equalization was divided into two functional verifications, one was the microscopic detection of the presence and size of the equilibrium current, the other was whether the macro cell voltage converged to the average voltage. The results showed that the battery management system could meet the requirements on measuring accuracy, reliability, and effectiveness equalization. The battery-powered, battery testing, and performance analysis applied technology research provides a reliable platform and data support.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第12期163-170,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划
2011AA11A206)资助项目
关键词
动力锂电池组
汽车
软件设计
电池管理
单片机
lithium batteries
automobiles
software design
battery management
single chip microcomputer
