摘要
中美两国规范将道砟分为面砟和底砟,其中中国面砟需检测7项性能16个物理参数,底砟需检测4项性能6个参数;美国面砟需检测5项性能7个参数,底砟需检测5项性能8个参数。通过比较两国铁路道砟的试验规范,得出以下结论:(1)中国规范对于底砟给出了固定的颗粒级配范围,方便了施工选材;美国规范中底砟的颗粒级配与面砟及路基填料的颗粒级配有关,更合理地体现了底砟的过渡作用;(2)中国规范固定了试样的颗粒范围及数量,简化了试验操作但使得结果不能反映全部道砟的性能;美国规范中道砟的性能参数多通过试样的颗粒级配百分率计权求得,结果能全面反映道砟性能且适应于任何粒径的道砟;(3)中国规范缺少试验数据偏差的内容;美国规范对试验的重复性偏差及复现性偏差均有详细要求。
In both the Chinese and American standard codes, railway ballast is classified into up-ballast and sub-ballast. According to Chinese standard code, seven performances including 16 physical parameters should be tested for up-ballast; and four performances including six physical parameters should be tested for sub-ballast. According to American standard code, five performances including seven physical parameters should be tested for up-ballast; and five performances including eight physical parameters should be tested for sub-ballast. By comparison between the railway ballast test standard codes of the two countries, the following conclusions can be drawn： （1） There is constant grain composition range of sub-ballast in Chinese standard code, and this makes it convenient for constructors to select material; in American standard code, the grain composition of sub-ballast is related to the grain composition of the up-ballast and the subgrade filling material, and this can more reasonably reflect the transition function of sub-ballast. （2） The grain range and quantity of test sample is constant in Chinese standard code, therefore the test operation is simplified but the result cannot fully reflect the performance of all ballast; in American standard code, the performance parameters of ballast are generally obtained from weighted data of grain composition percentage of test sample, and the result not only can fully reflect ballast performance but also can fit to any grain size of ballast. （3） There is a shortage of the content of test data deviation in China standard code; in American standard code, there is detail stipulations on both the repetitive deviation and reproducibility deviation during ballast test.
出处
《铁道标准设计》
北大核心
2014年第7期52-57,共6页
Railway Standard Design
基金
河北省高等学校科学技术研究青年基金项目(QN20131160)
河北省科技计划项目(13275414)
关键词
铁路道砟
试验
中国规范
美国规范
比较
railway ballast
test
Chinese standard code
American standard code
comparison
