摘要
文章在充分考虑中国农村劳动力老龄化特殊性基础上，利用2006、2008和2010年中国水稻主产区20个省份的水稻生产数据，从社会化服务的视角分析了农村劳动力老龄化对水稻生产效率的影响。研究结果显示，2006～2010年中国水稻主产区的劳动力老龄化增速明显，年均增速约为2．63％；得益于水稻生产环节上多种社会化服务的支持，中国水稻生产效率整体上保持相对稳定，5个稻作区的年轻组与老年组农户的水稻生产效率间没有显著差异，说明现阶段中国农村劳动力老龄化对水稻生产效率尚不构成负面影响。与2006年相比，2010年华南、华中和华东稻作区的水稻生产效率有小幅提升或保持稳定，西南和东北稻作区的低效率水平比例明显偏高，且东北稻作区的年轻与老年组农户的低效率水平比例逐年增加。农机使用对水稻生产效率有明显的提升作用，而以农户需求为导向的农技培训也能减少水稻生产效率的缺失。
In consideration of the specificity of Chinese rural labour force ageing,using the 2006,2008 and 2010 rice production data from 20 provinces,this paper analyses the impact of rural labour force ageing on the efficiency of rice productivity from the perspectives of social service.The results show that,from 2006 to 2010,the speed of ageing of rural labour force had increased obviously,with average annual growth rate of 2.63%per year.The efficiency of rice production has remained relatively stable because of the support from a variety of social services.Its efficiency between young peasants and old peasants in five planting districts has not yet appeared significant differences.Therefore,the rural labour force ageing has no negative effect to efficiency loss.In 2010,the rice production efficiency has slightly increased or remained stable in the southern,central and eastern planting districts.Meanwhile,the low efficiency proportions in southwest and northeast districts were significantly higher than that in other districts.The proportion of low efficiency about young peasants and old peasants in northeast areas has increased by year compared with 2006.Both agricultural machinery and the farmers' demand-oriented agricultural training have significantly positive impact to reduce the loss in efficiency.
出处
《中国人口科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第3期53-65,127,共13页
Chinese Journal of Population Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"气候变化
产量波动与效率缺失--以水稻为例"(编号:71173109)资助
