摘要
利用安徽濉溪杨柳定位试验(1981-)为平台,以土壤的5种酶活性(脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、中性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶)及7种基础化学性质(pH、EC、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾)作为评价指标进行主成分分析,最后将各主成分得分系统聚类。结果表明,通过主成分分析方法可将原12个土壤生物化学性质指标降维、提取出2个主成分,反映了原信息量的88.22%,且无原变量丢失。其中第一主成分以酸性磷酸酶、中性磷酸酶、EC、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾贡献最大;第二主成分则以脲酶、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、pH贡献最大。作为综合评价砂姜黑土肥力的生物指标,酸性和中性磷酸酶优于其他三种土壤酶。以两个主成分得分为新指标进行聚类得到长期不同施肥方式对砂姜黑土的培肥效果排序为MNPK,HMNPK>M>NPK>CK,即有机肥与化肥配施是砂姜黑土的最佳培肥模式,单施有机肥次之,而长期单施化肥或者不施肥则会导致土壤肥力下降。
Based on the long-term stationary field fertilization experiment in Yangliu of Anhui Province, principal component-cluster analysis was done of the data obtained with five types of soil enzymes （ urease, acid phosphatase, neutral phosphatase, catalase and invertase） and seven items of soil chemical properties （ pH, electric conductivity, organic matter, total nitrogen,alkalytic nitrogen, available phosphorus and readily available potassium） as evaluation indices, to valuate comprehensively effects of long-term fertilization on fertility of the lime concretion black soil at the experimental site. Results show that 2 principal components that could reflect 88.22% of the original information quantity without losing any original variables were extracted from the initial 12 indices. Within the primary group of principal components, ACP, NEP, EC, OM, TN, AN, AP and AK were the major contributors, while among the secondary group of principal components, URE,CAT,INV and pH were the major ones. As biological indicators for comprehensive evaluation of the fertility of Lime concretion black soil, acid phosphatase and neutral phosphatase were better than other three soil enzymes. Hierarchical cluster analysis of the new indices extracted based on scores of the two principal components revealed the effects of differ- ent patterns of long-term fertilization displayed an order of HMNPK, MNPK 〉 M 〉 NPK 〉 CK,in other words, mixed appli- cation of organic and chemical fertilizer is the best fertilizing model, and followed by application of only organic fertilizer, as no-fertilization and application of solely chemical fertilizer could result in decline of soil fertility.
出处
《土壤学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第3期609-617,共9页
Acta Pedologica Sinica
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD04B09
2011BAD16B06
2013BAD07B08)资助
关键词
主成分分析
聚类分析
砂姜黑土
土壤肥力
施肥方式
Principal component analysis
Cluster analysis
Lime concretion black soil
Soil fertility
Applicationof fertilizer
