摘要
为了探讨长期施肥对冬小麦籽粒产量及品质的影响,以12年长期定位试验为基础,对冬小麦籽粒产量变化及加工品质进行了研究。结果表明:(1)缺氮或缺磷处理(CK、N、NK、PK)小麦产量低而不稳,年均产量1059～1291kg/hm2,变异系数40.46%～62.11%;氮磷、氮磷钾配施或氮磷钾与有机物配施(NP、NPK、SNPK、M(N)NPK、M(H)NPK)能持续高产,年均产量5237～5646kg/hm2,变异系数为23.11%～34.23%。(2)CK、N、NK处理籽粒的蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、干面筋含量、沉淀值均高于NP、NPK、SNPK、M(N)NPK、M(H)NPK处理,说明小麦优质和高产所要求的养分平衡点不同。(3)要兼顾冬小麦产量和品质,须平衡施肥,重视氮、磷肥的投入。
The effect of the fertilization on wheat grain yield and processing quality was studied on the basis of a long-term fertilization trial at the fixed field site for 12 years since 1990. The results indicated that: (1) (Nitrogen) and phosphorus were main nutrition elements that affected wheat grain yield .The yield and its CV of treatments without N or P ( CK, N,NK and PK ) were 1059～1291 kg/hm^2 and 40.46%～(62.11%) respectively,but those of treatments with NP, NPK and NPK combined organic matter(NP, NPK, SNPK, M(N)NPK and M(H)NPK ) were 5237～5646 kg/hm^2 and 23.11%～34.23% respectively. (2) The treatments of CK, NK, PK had higher protein content, gluten content and sedimentation volume than those of NP, NPK, SNPK, M(N)NPK and M(H)NPK. (3) We must pay attention to fertilization in balance in (order) to get good wheat yield and quality, especially the input of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer.
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
2004年第3期76-79,共4页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
国家土壤肥力与肥料效益监测野外台站资助项目(2001CCD00800)。
关键词
小麦品质
小麦产量
长期施肥
Wheat quality
Wheat yields
Long-term fertilization
