摘要
日本的福利制度开始于战后复兴时期的1960年代,人口老龄化的问题也伴随着1970年代经济的快速增长共同出现。这一突如其来的变化,使日本的福利制度在之后的半个世纪中,不断地经历着制定、修改、再修改、再制定的曲折历程。今天,在完善的"照护保险制度"的支撑下,日本的养老环境已经在制度法规的建立与福利设施的建设上得到了全面的改善。在完善的福利制度的保障之下,养老模式也经历了从传统的居家养老到养老设施泛滥后机构养老质量的恶化过程,最终通过认真反思将理想的养老模型定格为,以原宅养老为本,社区养老为辅,其他设施配套的社会综合养老的多元化格局,实现了让使用者养老意愿与社会养老资源相结合的优化型养老体系。
The construction of elderly welfare system in Japan began in 1960s, while the aging of population emerged with the rapid economy growth in the 1970s.The elderly welfare system experienced a twists and turns progress of formulating and revising during the following half century. Now in support of the ＂Care Insurance Institution＂, with the establishment of regulation systems and the construction of welfare facilities, the elderly care environment has been overall improved. With the protection of the welfare system, the aging care model experienced the change from the traditional home care to the new institutional facilities care. While once there were too many aging facilities with deteriorated quality. Finally, the multi aging care model which is based on the old house and assisted with the community is found to be acceptable, meanwhile it is supported by other surrounding social facilities. It realizes an optimized aging care system which combines the user＇s home care wish and the organization of social resources.
出处
《住区》
2014年第1期141-148,共8页
Design Community
基金
中央高校基本科研2012科技创新项目(A0920502051208-97)
关键词
老年人
福利制度
养老设施
照护保险制度
日本
elderly, welfare system, elderly facilities, care insurance institution, Japan
