摘要
修改后的《消费者权益保护法》总结我国惩罚性赔偿规定于近20年间的演进规律,创设了一种比较典型的惩罚性赔偿制度。惩罚性赔偿实质上是公法私法二分体制下以私法机制执行由公法担当的惩罚与威慑功能的特殊惩罚制度。其适用应以公法上惩罚制度秉执的理念与原则为指导,无法奉行传统损害赔偿法的基本原则。《消费者权益保护法》规定的两种惩罚性赔偿制度,无论是各自单独适用或一并被适用,还是它们分别与罚款或罚金制度同时适用,皆会引发惩罚适当性问题,因而需要遵循过罚相当原则。另外,新惩罚性赔偿制度在适用时还会对《食品安全法》、《侵权责任法》的惩罚性赔偿规定产生重大影响。
The revised Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Consumer Rights and Interests brings together the evolutionary patterns of punitive damage regulations over the last two decades,setting up a fairly classic system of punitive damages.In essence,punitive damage is a special punitive system divided between public and private law that uses private law to execute the punitive and deterrent functions of public law.Its application should be guided by the ideas and principles of the public law penal system;it is not possible for it to pursue the principles of the traditional law of compensation for loss.Whether the punitive and compensatory systems laid down in the law are applied singly or together,and whether fines are given separately or the system of financial penalities is used simultaneously,may all entail questions of the appropriateness of the penalty,so should follow the principle of the punishment fitting the crime.In addition,when applied,the new system of punitive damages will have a great influence on other regulations concerning punitive damages such as the Food Safety Law and the Tort Law.
出处
《中国社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第3期104-124,206-207,共21页
Social Sciences in China
