摘要
目的了解该院抗菌药物不良反应发生现状和特点以及影响因素,为保证抗菌药物的安全使用提供参考。方法 2010—2012年某院上报的抗菌药物不良反应报告237份,按患者性别、年龄、药物种类、名称、给药途径、药品不良反应（ADR）的性质、转归及临床表现、报告人员职业进行统计和分析。结果 237份ADR报告中,男性发生比例高于女性;41~50岁年龄段为ADR发生的主要人群,但老人及儿童发生的比例也较高;ADR以一般反应为主,严重的和新的ADR分别占总例数的3.80%和1.26%;静脉滴注为引发ADR为主要的给药途径,占总例数81.01%;ADR主要发生在用药后31~60 min;抗菌药物以喹诺酮类为主,占总例数29.12%,其次为大环内酯类（28.27%）和头孢菌素类（26.16%）,其中阿奇霉素为57例,占总例数24.05%,其次为左氧氟沙星（56例,23.63%）;药物不良反应主要表现为皮肤及附件损害（102例,43.04%）;护师ADR报告率68.35%。结论深入开展对抗菌药物不良反应的监测,加强对抗菌药物合理使用的认识,减少抗菌药物不良反应的发生。
Objective To study the features and factors of adverse drug reactions（ ADRs） induced by antibiotics drugs and to provide the reference for their rational administration in clinic. Methods A total of 237 antibiotics ADR reports in one hospital from 2010 to 2012 were statistically analyzed according to patients’ gender,age,drug kinds,drug name,routes of administration,the level of ADRs, the results of ADRs,the clinical manifestations and report personnel’s career. Results Among the total of 237 cases,the percentage of ADRs in men was higher than that in women. The main crowd from 41 to 50 were incidental to ADRs induced by antibiotics drugs,but the incidence of the elder and the children were relatively high. 3. 80% of the 237 ADR cases were serious and 1. 26% were new. Intravenous dripping was the main route of administration which occurred in 81. 01% of the total cases and ADR occurred in 31 ~ 60 min after medication. Quinolones took the lead（ 29. 12%） and followed by macrolides（ 28. 27%） and cephalosporins（ 26. 16%）. ADRs were induced by azithromycin in 57cases（ 24. 05%） and levofloxacin in 56 cases（ 23. 63%）. Lesions of skin and its appendages were the chief manifestations of ADRs（ 102 cases,43. 04%）. ADR report rate of nurse practitioner was 68. 35%. Conclusions ADRs monitoring and rational use of drugs should be strengthened in using antibiotics drugs in order to decrease the occurrence of ADRs.
出处
《安徽医药》
CAS
2014年第2期393-396,共4页
Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal
关键词
抗菌药物
药品不良反应
合理用药
回顾性分析
antibiotics
adverse drug reactions
rational use of drugs
retrospective analysis
