摘要
目的了解近年四川省法定传染病的发病死亡情况,分析传染病疫情。方法用描述性方法对2006-2010年四川省法定传染病报告发病死亡情况进行分析。采用Cox-Stuart趋势检验分析部分重点传染病历史发病率趋势。结果四川省报告甲乙丙类传染病35种,甲乙类发病率从2006年的301.40/10万逐年下降到2010年的225.42/10万,而丙类发病率从2006年的90.76/10万逐年上升到2010年的143.51/10万;甲乙类传染病中血源及性传播传染病报告发病、死亡所占比例最大,分别占44.26%和47.86%,其次为呼吸道传染病,为39.81%和24.81%;甲乙类传染病中报告发病居前列的病种为肺结核、乙肝、梅毒和痢疾,丙类为其它感染性腹泻病、流行性腮腺炎、手足口病。梅毒和艾滋病的报告发病率呈上升趋势,经Cox-Stuart检验有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论提高对丙类传染病及新发传染病的重视,加强监测和应急处置,防止疫情的扩散;乙肝的发病率15岁以上的高年龄组人群中相对较高,应扩大疫苗接种的年龄范围,提高人群接种率;梅毒和艾滋病为亟待控制的血源及性传播疾病。梅毒在0岁组和85岁及以上年龄组有较高的发病率,其中0岁组主要为胎传梅毒,85岁及以上年龄组为隐性梅毒;肺结核疫情正在得到控制。
Objective To investigate the incidence and death patterns of notifiable communicable diseases in Sichuan Province during 2006-2010,and to analyze the epidemic situation of communicable diseases.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the surveillance data of notifiable communicable diseases in Sichuan Province from 2006 to 2010.The Cox-Stuart test was conducted on some focused diseases to examine the incidence trends of historical data.Results Totally 35 types of notifiable communicable diseases were reported in Sichuan Province during 2006-2010.The overall incidence of Class A and Class B communicable diseases gradually fell from 301.40/100,000 in 2006 to 225.42/100,000 in 2010,while the incidence of Class C communicable diseases gradually went up to 143.51/100,000 in 2010 from 90.76/100,000 in 2006.The cases and deaths of blood borne and sexual transmitted diseases accounted for the largest proportions in Class A and Class B communicable diseases （44.26 % and 47.86 %）,followed by respiratory diseases （39.81% and 24.81%）.The top 4 diseases with high case numbers in Class A and Class B communicable diseases were pulmonary tuberculosis,hepatitis B,syphilis and dysentery.And the top 3 diseases in Class C communicable diseases were other infectious diarrheal diseases,mumps and hand-foot-mouth disease.The reported incidence of syphilis and AIDS showed an increasing tendency,and the results of Cox-Stuart test indicated that there were statistically significant differences regarding the reported incidence during 1995-2010 （P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance and improve the responses to Class C communicable diseases and emerging communicable diseases so as to prevent the spread of the diseases.The incidence of hepatitis B is high in age groups over 15 years; and hence,hepatitis B vaccination should be expanded to these age groups so as to increase the inoculation rate.Syphilis and AIDS are blood borne and sexual transmitted diseases which urgently need to be controlled.The high incidence rates of congenital syphilis and recessive syphilis are respectively found in infants less than 1 year of age and in the elderly aged 85 years and over.Pulmonary tuberculosis epidemic is being controlled.
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2014年第3期302-304,共3页
Practical Preventive Medicine
关键词
法定传染病
疫情
分析
Notifiable infectious diseases
Epidemic situation
Analysis
