摘要
目的分析新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)早产儿医院感染的危险因素及其预防对策,以减少医院感染的发生。方法选择2011-2012年医院NICU收治的早产儿658例,回顾性分析入选早产儿的临床资料,采用SPSS13.0统计软件分析,计数组间比较采用χ2检验;计量数据比较采用t检验。结果 658例早产儿发生医院感染30例,感染率为4.56%,以呼吸道感染为主;早产儿的胎龄、出生体质量、机械通气、静脉全营养、住院天数、胃管留置和喂养耐受等因素是早产儿发生医院感染的危险因素;胎龄≤32周、机械通气>3d、住院天数>7d、喂养不耐受和胃管留置是早产儿发生医院感染的独立危险因素。结论 NICU早产儿医院感染的危险因素多,减少侵入性操作、缩短住院时间、提高喂养耐受性、合理使用抗菌药物,能有效降低早产儿医院感染率。
OBJECTIVE To analyze the risk factors for nosocomial infections in the preterm neonates of neonatal intensive care unit （NICU） and put forward prevention countermeasures so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections. METHODS A total of 658 preterm neonates, who were tre^ted in the NICU from 2011 to 2012, were enrolled in the study, then the clinical data of the neonates were retrospectively analyzed, the statistical analysis was performed with the use of SPSS13. 0 software, the count data were analyzed by using chi-square test, and the measurement data were analyzed with t-test. RESULTS Of the 658 neonates investigated, the nosocomial infections occurred in 30 cases with the infection rate of 4. 56 %, among which the neonates with respiratory tract infections were dominant. The risk factors for nosocomial infections in the preterm neonates included the gestational age, birth weight, mechanical ventilation, total parenteral nutrition, length of hospital stay, gastric catheter indwelling, and feeding tolerance; the gestational age no more than 32 weeks, mechanical ventilation duration more than 3 days, length of hospital stay more than 7 days, feeding intolerance, and gastric catheter indwelling were the major risk factors for nosocomial infections in the preterm neonates. CONCLUSION There are a variety of risk factors for nosocomial infections in the pre term neonates of NICU; it is an effective way to reduce the invasive procedures, shorten the length of hospital stay, improve the feeding tolerance, and reasonably use antibiotics so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections in the preterm neonates.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期1268-1269,1272,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
中山市医学科学技术研究基金项目(J2012125)
关键词
新生儿重症监护病房
早产儿
医院感染
护理
Neonatal intensive care unit
Preterm neonate
Nosocomial infection
Nursing
