摘要
目的了解天津市中学生结核病防治相关知识、态度和行为及其干预效果,为预防结核病暴发流行提供参考。方法采取三阶段分层系统随机抽样方法,对天津市8所中学2 400名中学生进行结核病健康教育,评价干预前后学生结核病防治知识、相关态度和行为的改变情况。结果干预后中学生对肺结核病的传染性、传播途径、可疑症状、预防措施和免费政策等核心信息知晓率分别由干预前的75.3%,69.1%,71.4%,37.3%和41.1%提高到92.8%,85.8%,85.1%,53.9%和74.7%;5条核心信息总知晓率由干预前的58.9%上升到78.5%。对结核病患病可能性大、结核病可防可治、不歧视结核病人以及愿意获取健康知识的合理态度持有率分别由干预前的31.8%,33.6%,49.4%和83.6%提高到43.4%,84.7%,63.5%和94.7%。及时就医和主动普及结核病防治知识的正确行为持有率由干预前的57.3%,20.1%提高到83.8%,32.2%。结论天津市中学生结核病健康教育干预效果显著,健康讲座、知识竞赛、主题班会等是学校宣传中有效的健康干预方式。
Objective To know the status of knowledge, attitude and behavior of tuberculosis among the middle school students in Tianjin and to evaluate the effects of tuberculosis health education intervention. Methods Multilevel stratified random sampling method was used to select 2 400 students in 8 middle schools for pre-interventional questionnaires. Then the same ques- tionnaires were conducted after implementing the health education intervention by various measures which students would like to get the knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and treatment. The results of the questionnaires before and after health education interven- tion were compared and analyzed. Results After tuberculosis health education intervention, the single awareness ratio of 5 key messages concerning infectivity, transmission routes, suspicious symptoms, preventive measures and free policy was significantly in- creased, from 75.3%, 69.1%, 71.4%, 37.3%, 41.1% to 92.8%, 85.8%, 85.1%, 53.9%, 74.7% respectively （ P〈 0.01 ）. The total awareness rate of the key messages within survey respondents was increased from 58.9% to 78.5% （ P〈0. 01 ）. The ratio of holding reasonable attitude concerning ＂the possibility of suffering from tuberculosis is in all likelihood＂ , ＂tuberculosis can be prevented and treated＂, ＂tuberculosis patients should not be discriminated＂ and ＂would like to get health knowledge＂ was inereased respeetively from 31.8%, 33.6%, 49.4%, 83.6% before intervention to 43.4%, 84.7%, 63.5%, 94.7% after in- tervention（P〈0.01 ）. The ratio of holding correct behaviors concerning ＂to see a doctor in time＂ and ＂tell health knowledge about tuberculosis to more people＂ was increased respectively from 57.3%, 20.1% to 83.8%, 32.2% （ P〈0. 01 ）. Conclusion The health education intervention for tuberculosis has remarkable effects. Comprehensive interventions including health lecture, knowl- edge competition, class meeting, ete should be effective health education intervention measurements in the middle school.
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第2期190-192,共3页
Chinese Journal of School Health
关键词
健康教育
结核
肺
干预性研究
学生
Health education
Tuberculosis, pulmonary
Intervention studies
Students
