摘要
体育科学量表编制是科学测量领域的重要分支之一,追求的目标在于其权威性、可靠性和有效性,其测量理论主要涉及经典测量理论(Classical Test Theory,简称CTT)、概化理论(Generalizability Theory,简称GT)、项目反应理论(Item Response Theory,简称IRT)及层面理论(Facet Theory,简称FT)。基于对不同测量理论的认识,重点围绕量表编制中的维度与题项、项目分析及信效度3个问题展开介绍,阐释以随机化为理论基础的经典测量理论的优势和弊端,也给出以潜在特质为基础的项目反应理论及非计量化层面理论的应用方法和主要作用。作者突出介绍了它们在体育科学量表编制中的方法组合优化问题,列举了相应的研究案例,并认为,这种方法上的组合优化不失为一种可取的或值得尝试的思路,也理应成为体育科学量表编制逐步走向规范、精确和深入的重要标志之一。
Sports science scale is an important branch of scientific measurement field, the pursuit of the goal lies in its authority, reliability and validity. The measurement theory mainly relates to the classical test theory （referred to as CTT）, generalizability theory （referred to as GT）, i tem response theory （referred to as IRT） and facet theory （referred to as FT）. Based on the understanding of different measurement theory, the author introduced the dimensions and i- tems, the item analysis, reliability and validity in scale development, explained the advantages and disadvantages of the classical test theory as the theoretical basis of the randomization, also gave main analysis method of the item response theory based on latent trait and function of fac- et theory based on non quantitative level. Among them, the author specifically focused on how to achieve the best optimization in sports science scale, lists the corresponding cases, and point- ed out that, the method of combinatorial optimization was a desirable or worthwhile ideas, also should become one of the important sign of sports science scale gradually moving towards standardized and accurate.
出处
《体育科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第3期88-96,F0003,共10页
China Sport Science
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金资助项目(13YJA890004)
关键词
量表
方法优化
项目反应理论
心理测量
scale
methods optimization
item response theory
facet theory
