摘要
为了探索牛粪快速腐熟原理及方法，以糖、淀粉、蛋白质、纤维素、油脂培养基为筛选培养基，以菌株增殖倍数、菌株性能等为筛选条件，从牛粪常温堆肥中筛选不同原料高效功能菌，并组成功能菌剂；以不同原料菌及单菌株发酵试验对发酵机制进行研究。结果表明，芽孢杆菌、假单胞菌、木霉及曲霉等为重要功能菌，组成功能菌剂发酵升温快，进入高温期仅需4d，发酵腐熟时间可缩短至19—20d；发酵及升温效果依次为糖原料功能菌〉淀粉原料功能菌〉蛋白质原料功能菌〉纤维素原料功能菌；芽孢杆菌、假单胞菌、木霉、曲霉利用糖、淀粉、蛋白质及纤维素能力强，升温及腐熟效果好。各菌株充分利用基质各成分，紧密协同生长及代谢，迅速进入高温期，是堆肥快速发酵及腐熟的主要作用机制。
In order to explore the rapid composting of cow dung principle and method, several thermophile microorganisms were successfully screened and composed functional bacteria agent based on bacteria proliferation rate and strain performance from cow dung compost by using selection mediums supplemented with sugar, starch, protein or cellulose, respectively. Fer- mentation mechanism was studied by testing fermentation efficiency of functional bacteria agent and each single strain. The re- sults suggested that Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Cellulomonas and Streptomycesmicrosporus were important functional strains, fer- mentation rate and heating rate of the functional bacteria agent were very quick which only needed 4 days to get into the high- temperature period and the rotten fermentation time decreased to 19 - 20 d. The order of fermentation rate and heating rate effects of different strains were followed, sugar-utilized strain, starch-utilized strain, protein-utilized strain and cellulose-uti- lized strain. Bacillus and Pseudomonas bacteria, Trichoderrna harzianum, from AspergiUus Niger using sugars, starch, pro- teins and cellulose strong heating and composting is more effective. Full use of matrix components of the strain, closely coordi- nated growth and metabolism, and quickly entered a period of high temperatures, is the main role of quick fermentation and compost decomposition mechanism.
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期95-100,共6页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
湖北省自然科学基金项目(项目编号2010-97-299)
关键词
牛粪
发酵菌株
复合菌剂
堆肥
温度
腐解机制
cow dung
fermentation strains
composite bacterium agent
compost
temperature
decomposition mechanism
