摘要
目的了解宜昌市2003—2012年法定传染病的发病趋势和流行特征，为进一步采取干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果2003—2012年报告法定传染病27种，年均发病率425．07／10万，年均死亡率1．17／10万。发病高峰月份为4～6月和9～12月。男女性别比为1．78：1，发病年龄段间有统计学差异（x2=1718．04，P〈0．001）。传染病构成以呼吸道传染病、肠道传染病、血源及性传播疾病为主，发病居前6位的病种分别为肺结核、病毒性肝炎、手足口病、流行性腮腺炎、其它感染性腹泻病、痢疾。乙类传染病发病率趋于下降趋势，丙类传染病发病率趋于上升趋势。结论宜昌市传染病防治工作任务仍然艰巨，在做好传染病防治的同时，应进一步提高疫情监测的报告率和灵敏度。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation ofnotifiable infectious diseases in Yichang,and provide basis for taking further intervention. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted. Results From 2003 to 2012,a total of 168 748 cases of 27 notifiable infectious diseases and 464 death cases were reported in the city. The peak incidence was from April to June and September to December. The proportion between male to female was 1. 787 ： 1. Cases were spread in all the age groups, （X2 = 1 718. 04,P〈0. 001 ） ,with statistically significant difference. The major affected systems were： respiratory, intestinal, blood-borne and sexually-transmitted diseases. The incidence of the top six diseases were ： pulmonary TB, viral hepatitis, HFMD, mumps, and other infectious diarrhea, and dysentery. The morbidity of Class B infectious diseases tended to decline,while the morbidity of Class C infectious disease tended to rise. Conclusion The task of prevention and control of infectious diseases in Yichang City is still arduous, besides the implementation of the prevention and control of infectious diseases, the sensitivity and accuracy of the reporting rate of the mandatory reported infectious diseases should be further enhanced.
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2014年第1期53-56,共4页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
关键词
法定传染病
流行特征
Notifiahle infectious diseases
Epidemiological character
