摘要
利用1961-2010年黑龙江省70个地面气象站逐日平均气温资料,应用气候倾向率统计方法,结合ArcGIS软件,对黑龙江省玉米播种开始日期及其气候倾向率的空间差异、现有推广品种及救灾品种最迟播种日期的空间分布进行分析。结果表明:黑龙江省大部玉米始播期在4月下旬-5月上旬,松嫩平原大部在4月22日-5月5日,三江平原大部及牡丹江地区局部在4月26日-5月5日,其它地区在5月6-20日。50a中,黑龙江省部分地区玉米始播期呈显著提前趋势(P<0.05),全省平均变化趋势不显著。各地玉米始播期提前幅度不同,黑河大部、齐齐哈尔大部提前幅度最大。现有推广品种的最迟播期中晚熟品种在5月中旬;松嫩平原中熟品种大部在5月下旬初;三江平原和牡丹江地区中熟品种最迟播期在5月下旬末,早熟和早中熟品种在5月下旬初。救灾品种的最迟播期自北向南呈延迟趋势,在6月1-23日,大部地区集中在6月11-15日。研究结果可为黑龙江省玉米作物应对气候变化及有效防御玉米早播的潜在风险提供科学依据。
Based on the dataset of daily mean temperature from 1961 Heilongjiang province, the starting date of maize sowing time, the spatial to 2010 in 70 meteorological stations of differences of climatic trend rates, and the latest sowing time of current varieties and relief varieties were analyzed by using GIS software and statistical methods. The results indicated that the starting sowing date of most maize in Heilongjiang province was during late April and 50 years, the average trend of maize sowing time in Heilongjiang province was not obviously, but in some parts, the starting sowing date was significantly ahead of the average trend, especially in Heihe and Qiqihaer. For current varieties, the latest sowing date of late - maturing ones was middle May, and this date of maturing varieties was at the beginning of late May in Songnen plain. While in Sanjiang plain and Mudanjiang the latest sowing date of maturing ones were at the end of late May, and early - maturing ones were at the beginning of late May. In addition, the latest sowing time of relief varieties tended to delay from north to south, the date changed from 1^stJune to 23^rdJune. In most parts of Heilongjiang province this period was 11 - 15, June. This study provided evidence that climate change could affect maize sowing time, and the results can be used to protect maize from potential risk.
出处
《中国农业气象》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期68-73,共6页
Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology
基金
公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201206018
GYHY201106026)
黑龙江省气象局项目"黑龙江省适宜播种期研究"(HQ2013027)
关键词
积温
播种开始日
最迟播种期
气候倾向率
Accumulated temperature
Starting date of maize sowing time
Latest sowing time
Climatic tendency rate
