摘要
多聚磷酸(polyphosphate,polyP)是由几个到数百个磷酸基通过高能磷酸酐键连接而成的链状多聚体,存在于所有细胞生物中.多聚磷酸相关蛋白包括多聚磷酸相关酶和多聚磷酸结合蛋白.多聚磷酸相关酶如多聚磷酸激酶(polyphosphate kinase,PPK)催化polyP n生成polyP n+1的可逆反应;外切聚磷酸酶(exopolyphosphatase,PPX)、内切聚磷酸酶(endopolyphosphatase,PPN)能将polyP水解成磷酸残基;多聚磷酸依赖的激酶将polyP的磷转移到生物小分子上,如葡萄糖和烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide,NAD),使其分别磷酸化为6-磷酸葡萄糖和烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate,NADP).多聚磷酸结合蛋白可与多聚磷酸结合,发挥各种生物学功能.本文将简要介绍多聚磷酸相关蛋白的结构与主要生物学功能,以阐述多聚磷酸参与的细胞内生化过程.
Polyphosphate （polyP）, comprising several to hundreds of phosphate （Pi） residues linked by phosphoanhydride bonds, the same type of bond that links the phosphates in ATP, has been found in every cell examined, from bacteria to mammals. PolyP-related proteins include polyP-related enzymes and polyP- binding proteins. PolyP-related enzymes, such as polyP kinase （PPK） which catalyzes the reversible synthesis of polyP from the terminal phosphate of ATP, and exopolyphosphatase （PPX） and endopolyphosphatase （PPN） which hydrolyze polyP to shorter chains or Pi, have been identified in a variety of micro-organisms. PolyP-dependent kinases that transfer a phosphate from polyP to small molecules such as glucose and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide （NAD） have also been described. PolyP- binding proteins bind polyP and exert many physiological effects. We speculate on the roles of polyP in biological process are to understand the structures and biological functions of polyP-related proteins.
出处
《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第2期115-124,共10页
Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划
No.2011CB504400)
国家自然科学基金项目(No.31070974
No.31171009
No.81221002)
高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(No.20100001110054)~~
关键词
多聚磷酸
多聚磷酸相关蛋白
能量代谢
磷酸化
polyphosphate
polyphosphate-related protein
energy metabolism
phosphorylation
