摘要
以位于青海省德令哈市境内的可鲁克湖-托素湖为研究对象,利用美国地质调查局自1973年-2013年的多年遥感影像,运用目视解译和改进的归一化差异水体指数方法提取可鲁克湖和托素湖的面积值,分析其变化特征,结合德令哈市的降水、气温、蒸发、径流、农业灌溉耗水资料,对影响湖泊面积变化的因素进行初步探讨。结果表明,可鲁克湖的面积大致保持不变,托素湖的面积自1973年以来呈现先减小又增大的趋势,降水量呈增加趋势,可以认为湖泊面积变化受降水的影响较小,可鲁克湖的面积主要受蒸发、气温和上游巴音河径流量的影响,但其影响存在明显的滞后性。上游农业耗水量是间接影响托素湖面积变化的主要因素,气温的变化通过影响蒸发量和上游冰雪融水间接影响托素湖的面积。
The surface area changes of Keluke and Tuosu lakes in Delingha City, Qinghai Province were studied. By use of the visual interpretation and modified normalized difference water index method, the values of the surface areas of Keluke and Tuosu lakes were extracted from remote sensing images of years from 1973 to 2013 issued by the U. S. Geological Survey, and the characteristics of the surface area changes were analyzed. Combined with data of precipitation, air temperature, evaporation, runoff, and agricultural irrigation water consumption in Delingha City, the factors influencing the surface area changes of the two lakes were analyzed. The results show that the surface area of Keluke Lake remained almost steady over the past 40 years, the surface area of Tuosu Lake decreased initially but has increased since 1973, and precipitation over the study areas had an increasing trend. It was concluded that the precipitation had an insignificant impact on the surface area changes of the lakes. The surface area of Keluke Lake was mainly influenced by evaporation, air temperature, and runoff upstream of the Bayin River, and there was an obvious time lag between the surface area change and the influencing factors. The agricultural water consumption upstream was the key factor indirectly influencing the surface area of Tuosu Lake, and the air temperature, which affected evaporation and the upstream snowmeh runoff, indirectly influenced the surface area of Tuosu Lake.
出处
《水资源保护》
CAS
2014年第1期28-33,63,共7页
Water Resources Protection
基金
国家自然科学基金(41172203
41201029)
高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20120094120019)
中国博士后科学基金(2013M540410)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(河海大学2012B00314)
关键词
可鲁克湖
托素湖
面积变化
遥感分析
影响因素
Keluke Lake
Tuosu Lake
area change
remote sensing analysis
influencing factors
