摘要
以培矮 64s、 10 8s、N4 2 2 s、L S2 s等 4个两系不育系为母本 ,以韩国籼、中国南方的早中籼 (简称中国籼 )、东北粳 (分东北普通粳和粳杂恢复系 )、华北粳、非洲粳、美国粳等 6个生态型的 4 7个育成品种为父本 ,按照 NC- 设计 ,配制 188个组合。在所配的组合类型中 ,N4 2 2 s/中国籼单株粒重最高 ,其次是 N4 2 2 s/韩国籼、培矮 64s/东北粳、 10 8s/中国籼 ,这些组合类型均为籼粳亚种间的组合 ,说明亚种间巨大的杂种优势。不同组合类型的产量构成因素分析表明 ,与中国南方的早中籼和韩国育成籼稻品种配组的 F1在穗数上具有明显的优势 ,与东北粳杂恢复系、美国稻配组的 F1在穗粒数上具有明显的优势 ,而与非洲粳配组的 F1在千粒重上具有明显的优势 ,华北粳在穗数和穗粒数上处于中间型 ,推测中国籼和韩国籼可能具有穗数上的优势基因 ,美国稻和东北粳具有粒数的优势基因 ,非洲粳具有粒重上的优势基因。比较 4个不育系配组的产量及产量构成因素发现 ,培矮 64s在穗数上具有明显的优势 ,培矮 64s、 N4 2 2 s和 10 8s在穗粒数上均具有优势 ,而 LS2 s在千粒重上明显的优势。杂种优势与双亲籼粳分化的相关关系分析表明 ,超亲优势与双亲的籼粳分化关系明显 ,且
The four photoperiod and/or thermo sensitive genetic male sterile rice (PGMS or TGMS) lines were test crossed with 47 improved cultivars used as male parents. Grain yield and yield components of the test cross F 1s exhibited remarked difference. It is indicated that N422s/ indica from Southern China (CNI) showed the highest grain yield, followed by N422s/Korean indica varieties (KRI), Peiai64s/Northeastern japonica varieties (NEJ) and 108s/CHI respectively. These combination types all were inter subspecific combination, indicating that there are strong heterosis between the two subspecies of indica and japonica. It was found that the test cross F 1s between the four (PGMS or TGMS) and CNI or KRI had stronger heterosis in number of panicle per plant, while the test cross F 1s between the four (PGMS or TGMS) and restoring lines of hybrid rice of japonica (RHJ) or America japonica varieties (AMJ) had stronger heterosis in number of filled grains per panicle, and the test cross F 1s between the four PGMS or TGMS and African japonica varieties (AFJ) had stronger heterosis in 1000 grains weight. It is suggested that CNI and KRI exist heterotic genes of number of panicle, RHJ and AMJ exist heterotic genes of number of grains, and AFJ have hetertic genes of grain weight. In the four PGMS or TGMS, the test cross F 1s which Pei′ai64s used as female parent showed stronger heterosis in number of panicle per plant, and the test cross F 1s which LS2s used as female parent showed stronger heterosis in grain weight. Analysis of the correlation between heterosis of yield and indica japonica differentiation of parents, it was indicated that there were significant correlation between over parent heterosis(OPH) and the divergence of parent in indica japonica differentiation. It was also found that the correlation coefficient between over parent heterosis and the divergence of parents in indica japonica differentiation in DNA were higher than that in morphological traits. It is suggested that to use the difference of genome is superior to use phenotypic traits in study or predicting heterosis. Analysis of divergence of parents of heterotic combination patterns and strong heterosis combinations in indica japonica differentiation of morphological traits and DNA, it was showed that they exist more significant divergence in morphological traits, or in DNA, or both in morphological traits and DNA. It is suggested that the divergence in morphological traits and DNA are all the basis for heterosis.It
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2000年第6期641-649,共9页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家高技术 ( 863)计划! ( Z1 6-0 1 -0 2 -0 1 -0 6)
九五攻关资助项目! ( 96-0 0 2 -0 2 -0 2 -0 4 )
关键词
水稻
杂种优势
籼粳分化
不育系
恢复系
Rice
Heterosis
Cultivated type
indica japonica differentiation
