摘要
按照旅游业"碳减排"的"测定-减排-补偿"三步走的逻辑主线,旅游业碳排放的计量是旅游业节能减排的第一步,也是关键一步。本文以生命周期评价理论和投入产出分析方法为基础,结合国民经济核算体系、旅游卫星账户、环境经济综合账户等经济与环境计量技术,构建"自上而下"的旅游业碳排放计量方法体系,并实证计量了2007年中国旅游业碳排放量。研究发现,2007年中国旅游业碳排放总量为169.78×106t,占中国所有产业碳排放总量的2.71%,占中国碳排放总量(包含生活消费碳排放)的2.44%。其中,旅游业直接碳排放为73.56×106t,分别为交通50.14×106t,游览1.33×106t,住宿4.19×106t,餐饮4.73×106t,商品销售8.14×106t,娱乐0.67×106t,邮电通讯0.45×106t,其他服务3.90×106t。旅游业间接碳排放为96.23×106t,主要贡献国民经济部门为炼焦、煤气及石油加工业、交通运输及仓储业、机器设备制造业、食品制造及烟草加工业等,占总贡献率的57%。
According to logic process of carbon reduction in China which is from measurement to reduction, from reduction to offsetting, measurement of carbon emission in tourism industry was the first and key step. Based on life cycle assessement theory and input-output analysis, the article used economic and environmental measurement technologies, System of National Accounting （ SNA）, Tourism Satellite Account （TSA）, System of Integrated Environment and Economic Accounting （SEEA）, and so on, and buit up top- down carbon emission analysis framework for tourism industry and estimated carbon emission of tourism industry in China in 2007. The finding showed that the total carbon emission of tourism industry in China in 2007 was 169.78 ×10^6t, covered 2.71% of carbon emission of all industries in China in 2007, and 2.44% of the total carbon emission in China in 2007. The direct carbon emission of tourism industry in China in 2007 was 73.56 ×10^6 t, including transportation （50. 14 ×10^6 t）, sightseeing （ 1.33 ×10^6 t）, lodging （4.19×10^6t）, accomodation （4.73×10^6 t）, shopping （8.14×10^6t） , entertainment （0.67 ×10^6 t）, communication （0.45 ×10^6 t） and other （3.90 ×10^6t）. The indirect carbon emission of tourism industry in China in 2007 was 96.23 ×10^6t, mostly contributed by coking, gas and petroleum processing industry, the transportation and warehousing industry, machinery and equipment manufacturing industry, and food manufacturing and tobacco processing industry,which covered 57%.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第1期78-86,共9页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
湖南省科技计划重点项目"洞庭湖生态经济区旅游业碳排放计量及其预警关键技术研究"(编号:2013SK2012)
湖南省教育厅科学研究课题青年项目"我国旅游业碳排放计量及其驱动力研究"(编号:13B146)
关键词
气候变化
碳排放
旅游业
计量框架
climate change
carbon emission
tourism industry
measurement framework
