摘要
目的 了解上海市浦东新区5岁以下儿童的病毒性腹泻的感染现况,探讨5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻的危险因素.方法 采用实时荧光定量-聚合酶链式反应（real-time quantitative PCR,RT-qPCR）对2012年2月～2013年1月,两家监测点医院送样的619例腹泻患儿的粪便标本进行诺如病毒（norovirus,NV）、轮状病毒（rotavirus,RV）、星状病毒（astrovirus,ASTV）、札如病毒（sapovirus,SPV）、肠道腺病毒（enteric adenovirus,EADV）的核酸检测,对检测结果阳性者以性别、年龄、社区1∶2配比进行病例对照研究.结果 病毒检出率由高到低排序为：NV（11.95％）、RV（7.27％）、EADV（2.91％）、SPV（1.45％）、ASTV（0.97％）;各月份病毒的检出率差异无统计学意义（x2 =8.46,P=0.672）;多因素分析显示菜板使用、洗果蔬用水、前1周家中是否与患胃肠炎的亲人接触是独立危险因素,接种轮状病毒疫苗、吃水果是儿童病毒性腹泻发生的保护因素.结论 NV为浦东新区5岁以下儿童腹泻的最主要的病原,接种疫苗、保持手卫生、隔离病人是预防控制5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻有效的措施.
Objective To investigate the infectious situation and risk factors of virus diarrhea among children un- der the age of five in Pudong New Area. Methods 619 stool specimens from two sentinel hospitals were detected for virus nucleic acids by real-time quantitative PCR（RT-qPCR） ,from February 2012 to January 2013. These virus included noro- virus, rotavirus, astrovirus, sapovirus and enteric adenovirus. Then a 1 ： 2 matched ease-control study was conducted a- mong the 114 children tested positive and 228 healthy children. Results The positive rate of norovirus was the highest （ 11.95 % ）, followed by rotavirus （ 7.27% ）, emetic adenovirus （ 2. 91% ）, sapovirus （ 1.45 % ） and astrovirus （ 0. 97% ）. No significant difference was found in virus detection rate by rnonth（z2 =8.46,P =0. 672）. Three factors were demonstrated to be risk factors of virus diarrhea by multiple logistic regression, including water washing fruits and vegetables, chopping boards, and contacting with relatives with gastroentetitis 1 week before onset, while rotavirus vaccination and eating fruit were protective factors against virus diarrhea. Conclusions Norovirus was the advantage virus pathogens among children under the age of five in Pudong New Area. Vaccination, hand hygiene and isolating patients ought to be recommended.
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第1期44-47,共4页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
基金
浦东卫生局卫生科技项目(PW2011A-39)
关键词
腹泻
危险因素
病例对照研究
Diarrhea
Risk factors
Case-control studies
