2T K McElhinney, Edmund D Pellegrino. The Institute on Human Values in Medicine: its role and influence in the conception and evolution of bioethics [J]. Theor Med Bioeth, 2001,22 (4) : 291 - 317.
3Edmund D Pellegrino. The origins and evolution of hioethics: some personal reflections[J]. Kennedy Inst Ethics J,1999,9(1) :73-88.
4Ronald A Carson. Engaged Humanities[J]. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 2007,50 : 321 - 33.
5S Elizabeth Fee, Theodore Brown. Making Medical History: The Life and Times of Henry E. Sigerist[M]. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997.
6D Levinson,M Ember. On the history of medical anthropology, see A. McElroy, Medical Anthropology, in Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology[M]. New York: Henry Holt, 1996 : 1-10.
7On medical sociology, see Journal of Health and Social Behavior [J]. Extra Issue: “Forty Years of Medical Sociology: The State of the Art and Directions for the Future, 1995,35:1- 182.
8David Rothman. Strangers at the Bedside[M]. New York: Basic Books,1992 :30-50.
9Henry K. Beecher Special Article:Ethics and Clinical Research[J]. New England Journal of Medicine, 1966(274) :1354-1360.
10John C. Burnham. American medicine's golden age: what happened to it? [J]. Science,1982,(215):1474-79.