摘要
目的:探索竞走运动员赛前心率变异性(HRV)的特点,为运动员赛前最佳竞技状态的评估提供依据。方法:对参加2012年全国竞走冠军赛暨奥运会选拔赛的6名男运动员,9名女运动员进行研究,分别进行HRV、运动竞赛状态焦虑问卷(The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2,简称CSAI-2问卷)基础值及赛前值测试,并比较分析。赛后填写比赛表现主观评价表(自编)。结果:女运动员组赛前正常心跳间期的标准差(SDNN)、总的频域值(TP)、极低频(VLF)出现显著性下降,赛前心跳间期差大于50ms的心搏数占总心跳间期数的百分数(pNN50)与比赛成绩有显著的负相关关系(p<0.05)。男运动员组赛前SDNN、pNN50与运动员对场地、天气的适应能力的运动表现自评有显著的相关关系(p<0.05),并且为高度线性相关(0.7≤|r|<1)。结论:中女子运动员赛前可能存在疲劳,赛前HRV监控可以为运动员赛前身体机能状态的评定提供依据。赛前迷走神经活动水平是影响竞走运动员比赛表现的重要因素。
Objective： To study walking race athletes＇ HRV characteristics before competition and to provide evi- dence for evaluating the best competitive state of athletes before competition. Methods：Six male and nine female race walkers who participated in the 2012 national race championship and Olympic trials were included in the stud- y. This study evaluated athletes＇ HRV and CSAI-2 at baseline （ normal days） and before competition. The athletes were told to complete race walkers＇ subjective evaluation inventory （designed） after competition. Results： In fe- male race walkers, SDNN, TP, VLF before competition were significantly lower than that of baseline, and pNN50 was significant negatively related to the competition performance （ p 〈 0.05 ）. In male race walkers, SDNN, pNN50 before competition were highly related to self-evaluation results（p 〈 0. 05, 0. 7 ≤ ｜ r｜ 〈 1 ）. Conclusion： Female race walkers in our study may be fatigue before competition. Monitoring the HRV of race walkers before competition can provide evidence for evaluating the best competitive state of athletes. The vague nerve activity lev- el before competition is an important factor that influences the performance of the race walker.
出处
《北京体育大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第11期66-69,共4页
Journal of Beijing Sport University
基金
国家体育总局重点领域研究课题(项目编号:2012B013)
关键词
心率变异性
竞走
赛前监控
赛前竞技状态
运动疲劳
HRV
walking race
pre-competition monitor
pre-competition state
sports fatigue
