5CAMM A J,KIRCHHOF P,LIP G Y,et al. Guidelines for the man- agement of atrial fibrillation: The Task Force for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology ( ESC ) [ J ]. Eur Heart J ,2010,31 ( 19 ) :2369 - 2429.
7WANN L S, CURTIS A B, JANUARY C T, et al. 2011 ACCF! AHA/HRS focused update on the management of patients with At- rial fibrillation ( Updating the 2006 Guideline) : a reprot of the a- merican college cardiology foundation/american heart association task force on practice guidelines [ J . Circulation,2011,123 : 104 - 123.
8CEES B DE VOS, RON PISTERS, ROBBY NIEUWLAAT, et al. Progression from paroxysmal to persistent atrial fibrillation [ J ]. J Am Coil Cardiol,2010,55(8) :725 -731.