摘要
【目的】研究货车堆装高度对常温运输甜瓜货架期商品率的影响,探讨外销运输甜瓜货架期易软腐的因素。【方法】监测常温运输80 h内货车顶层、中层和底层瓜箱内的温度与湿度;运输结束后连续测定货架期12 d内不同堆装高度果实的呼吸强度与商品率指标,包括发病率、发病指数和失水率。【结果】中层堆装果实的货架终期发病率比顶层、底层低62%,发病指数低53%。底层果实货架期商品率低,与常温运输途中湿度偏高10%有关;顶层果实的货架期呼吸强度高,是商品率下降快的主要原因。【结论】底层堆装果实运输途中温度高、发病率高,货架期8 d后商品率明显降低。顶层堆装果实货架期呼吸跃变早,商品率下降快。因此,需采取针对性的措施降低运输途中底层果实包装内相对湿度和顶层堆高的振动。
[ Objective ] The project aims to analyze the effects of stacking height of load in open truck on commodity rate of melon after transportation at normal temperature and discuss the perishable factors of export melon in shelf-life. [Method] Cartons temperature and humidity at the top, the middle and the bottom of the load in open truck were monitored during 80 h transportation. The respiration rate and commodity rate in- cluding incidence, disease index and water loss rate of the melons stacked at top, middle and bottom of load were tested continuously inl2 d shelf - life. [ Result] Postharvest incidence of melons stacked at the middle of the load was 62% lower than those of the load stacked at the top and the bottom, in which the postharvest dis- ease index was 53% lower correspondingly. The low commodity rate of melons stacked at the bottom was relat- ed to the 10% higher humidity in cartons during the transportation. High respiration rate in shelf - life of mel- ons stacked at the top of the load was the main cause of commodity drop. [ Conclusion ] Melons stacked at bot- tom of load involve high deterioration risk and higher relative humidity in long distance open transportation atnormal temperature, in which leads a sharp drop of commodity rate after 8 days shelf - life. Melons stacked at top of load occurs respiratory climacteric earlier and quick commodity loss. Highly relative humidity of bottom load and vibration of top load should be decreased during open transportation with the corresponding methods.
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第11期2031-2036,共6页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家科技支撑计划课题"新疆特色瓜果现代贮运保鲜关键技术集成与示范"(2011BAD27B01)
关键词
甜瓜
运输堆装高度
货架期
商品率
muskmelon
stacking height of load
shelf life
commodity rate
